西南石油大学学报（社会科学版）
西南石油大學學報（社會科學版）
서남석유대학학보（사회과학판）
JOURNAL OF SOUTHWEST PETROLEUM UNIVERSITY(SOCIAL SCIENCES EDITION)
2015年
1期
75-83
,共9页
二语习得%对外汉语教学%老挝语%老挝语母语%趋向补语%习得顺序%泛化%动态系统
二語習得%對外漢語教學%老撾語%老撾語母語%趨嚮補語%習得順序%汎化%動態繫統
이어습득%대외한어교학%로과어%로과어모어%추향보어%습득순서%범화%동태계통
second language acquisition%the teaching of Chinese as a foreign language%the Lao%native Lao speaker%direc-tional complements%acquisition sequence%overgeneralization%dynamic system
基于对老挝语母语者中介语语料库的统计分析，得出老挝语母语者汉语趋向补语的习得顺序，同时基于泛化理论分析老挝语母语者习得汉语趋向补语的偏误类型和习得难点。在将老挝语母语者的习得顺序和其他非汉语母语者的习得顺序二者进行对比的基础上，指出老挝语母语者习得“动词+处所宾语+来/去（本义）”的顺序比其他非汉语母语者提前，这一差异体现了趋向补语习得的非线性。针对老挝语母语者习得汉语的以下难点：（1）简单趋向补语误代复合趋向补语；（2）“到”作趋向补语；（3）回避使用“把”字句；（4）“动词+处所宾语+来/去”句式的习得；（5）同类补语之间的误代；（6）动词后同时带复合趋向补语带宾语时，宾语和补语的错序通过例证说明如何进行针对性的教学，提高教学效率。
基于對老撾語母語者中介語語料庫的統計分析，得齣老撾語母語者漢語趨嚮補語的習得順序，同時基于汎化理論分析老撾語母語者習得漢語趨嚮補語的偏誤類型和習得難點。在將老撾語母語者的習得順序和其他非漢語母語者的習得順序二者進行對比的基礎上，指齣老撾語母語者習得“動詞+處所賓語+來/去（本義）”的順序比其他非漢語母語者提前，這一差異體現瞭趨嚮補語習得的非線性。針對老撾語母語者習得漢語的以下難點：（1）簡單趨嚮補語誤代複閤趨嚮補語；（2）“到”作趨嚮補語；（3）迴避使用“把”字句；（4）“動詞+處所賓語+來/去”句式的習得；（5）同類補語之間的誤代；（6）動詞後同時帶複閤趨嚮補語帶賓語時，賓語和補語的錯序通過例證說明如何進行針對性的教學，提高教學效率。
기우대로과어모어자중개어어료고적통계분석，득출로과어모어자한어추향보어적습득순서，동시기우범화이론분석로과어모어자습득한어추향보어적편오류형화습득난점。재장로과어모어자적습득순서화기타비한어모어자적습득순서이자진행대비적기출상，지출로과어모어자습득“동사+처소빈어+래/거（본의）”적순서비기타비한어모어자제전，저일차이체현료추향보어습득적비선성。침대로과어모어자습득한어적이하난점：（1）간단추향보어오대복합추향보어；（2）“도”작추향보어；（3）회피사용“파”자구；（4）“동사+처소빈어+래/거”구식적습득；（5）동류보어지간적오대；（6）동사후동시대복합추향보어대빈어시，빈어화보어적착서통과예증설명여하진행침대성적교학，제고교학효솔。
This paper redefines the acquisition criterion,and based on interlanguage corpus of Chinese,summarizes the ac-quisition sequence of Chinese directional complements(DCS)by native Lao speakers. Then,based on the overgeneralization theory,the author analyzes the types of errors and acquisition difficulties of DCS for native Lao speakers. A comparison be-tween the acquisition sequence of native Lao speakers with that of other non-native speakers reveals that native Lao speakers acquire the“verb+location object+directional complement(original meaning)”structure earlier than other non-native spea-kers,which shows the non-linear acquisition of directional complements. The paper analyzes the types of acquisition difficulties of DCS for native Lao speakers which are as follows: 1. the overgeneralization of simple DCS instead of compound DCS,2.“dao(到)”acting as directional complement,3. avoiding using“ba(把)”sentences,4. the acquisition of sentence pattern“verb+location object+directional complement”,5. overgeneralization of similar complements,6. wrong order of object and compound DCS. In addition,this paper illustrates how to carry out targeted teaching and improve teaching efficiency with examples.
