CAJ | 학술논문

在中国传统社会中，乡绅阶层占据重要地位，发挥着不可替代的作用。晚清以降，社会危机四伏，新旧嬗替的社会变革废除了延续千余年的科举制度，直接中断了乡绅阶层的继替，导致整个乡绅阶层的分化和消亡。从此，乡村社会政权痞化，社会关系恶化，阶级冲突激化，乡村经济凋敝，乡村文化衰落，城乡差距拉大，城乡一体的中国传统文化格局被打破了。
재중국전통사회중，향신계층점거중요지위，발휘착불가체대적작용。만청이강，사회위궤사복，신구선체적사회변혁폐제료연속천여년적과거제도，직접중단료향신계층적계체，도치정개향신계층적분화화소망。종차，향촌사회정권비화，사회관계악화，계급충돌격화，향촌경제조폐，향촌문화쇠락，성향차거랍대，성향일체적중국전통문화격국피타파료。
The squire stratum held a central position and played an irreplaceable role in traditional Chinese society . Since the late Qing dynasty , the serious social crisis and the drastic social change led to the abolishment of the imperial examination system that had lasted for thousands of years , w hich disrupted the continuity of squire stratum and resulted in its differentiation and extinction . From then on , the unity of urban and rural areas in traditional Chinese culture has been broken up as the result of the new rural social regime , the deterioration of the social relations , the intensification of class conflicts , the decline of the rural economy and culture ,and widening of the gap between urban and rural areas .