湖泊科学
湖泊科學
호박과학
JOURNAL OF LAKE SCIENCES
2015年
1期
24-30
,共7页
陈瑞弘%李飞鹏%张海平%陈玲%赵建夫%黄子寒
陳瑞弘%李飛鵬%張海平%陳玲%趙建伕%黃子寒
진서홍%리비붕%장해평%진령%조건부%황자한
水动力%水华藻类%临界流速%流量管理%概念机制
水動力%水華藻類%臨界流速%流量管理%概唸機製
수동력%수화조류%림계류속%류량관리%개념궤제
Hydrodynamics%blooming algae%critical flow velocity%flow management%conceptual mechanism
许多证据表明缓慢的水动力条件是水华暴发的重要诱因,尽管以临界流速和水体置换为基础的流量管理实践在水华控制中已见成效,但受限于水动力对藻类生长小生境的干扰机制尚不明晰,长期的流量管理实践效果并不理想。在长期野外观测、围隔实验和室内模拟等一系列研究的基础上,以现有水动力对藻类影响机制的讨论为依据,从细胞学角度提出了水动力对藻类生长影响的3种不同的概念机制,即低强度的水力扰动导致藻细胞外扩散层厚度变薄,有利于周边水体向藻细胞输送营养物质,促进藻类生长;中等强度的水力扰动导致藻类营养盐吸收及光合作用能力受损,抑制藻类生长;高强度的水流剪切导致藻细胞壁破损。基于该机制认为流量管理中临界流速应分别从水体置换和细胞学两方面考虑。研究结果可为流量管理中控制藻类水华暴发和维持水体水质的策略提供重要的理论支持。
許多證據錶明緩慢的水動力條件是水華暴髮的重要誘因,儘管以臨界流速和水體置換為基礎的流量管理實踐在水華控製中已見成效,但受限于水動力對藻類生長小生境的榦擾機製尚不明晰,長期的流量管理實踐效果併不理想。在長期野外觀測、圍隔實驗和室內模擬等一繫列研究的基礎上,以現有水動力對藻類影響機製的討論為依據,從細胞學角度提齣瞭水動力對藻類生長影響的3種不同的概唸機製,即低彊度的水力擾動導緻藻細胞外擴散層厚度變薄,有利于週邊水體嚮藻細胞輸送營養物質,促進藻類生長;中等彊度的水力擾動導緻藻類營養鹽吸收及光閤作用能力受損,抑製藻類生長;高彊度的水流剪切導緻藻細胞壁破損。基于該機製認為流量管理中臨界流速應分彆從水體置換和細胞學兩方麵攷慮。研究結果可為流量管理中控製藻類水華暴髮和維持水體水質的策略提供重要的理論支持。
허다증거표명완만적수동력조건시수화폭발적중요유인,진관이림계류속화수체치환위기출적류량관리실천재수화공제중이견성효,단수한우수동력대조류생장소생경적간우궤제상불명석,장기적류량관리실천효과병불이상。재장기야외관측、위격실험화실내모의등일계렬연구적기출상,이현유수동력대조류영향궤제적토론위의거,종세포학각도제출료수동력대조류생장영향적3충불동적개념궤제,즉저강도적수력우동도치조세포외확산층후도변박,유리우주변수체향조세포수송영양물질,촉진조류생장;중등강도적수력우동도치조류영양염흡수급광합작용능력수손,억제조류생장;고강도적수류전절도치조세포벽파손。기우해궤제인위류량관리중림계류속응분별종수체치환화세포학량방면고필。연구결과가위류량관리중공제조류수화폭발화유지수체수질적책략제공중요적이론지지。
Numerous studies have shown that low flow condition is the main trigger of algae bloom and flow management is widely acknowledged as a strategy for inhibiting bloom development based on critical flow velocity and replacement .Due to the underlying intervention mechanism is still not clear ,long-term practices of flow management are not very effective .Based on the research pro-gress and a series of studies through long-term observation, enclosure and laboratory experiments, we present the conceptual mech-anism that there existed three different mechanisms of hydrodynamic impacts on freshwater algae:(1) low turbulent flow results in the thickness of cell diffuse layer thinner in favor of nutrients transport from water phase to algae cell ,which is preferred by algae growth; (2) medium turbulent flow is harmful to nutrients absorption and light availability of algae and inhibits the algae growth;(3) high shear force can damage the algae cell walls, which are individually determinant in different levels of flow intensity.Ac-cording to theories, critical flow velocity should be applied from two different aspects of water replacement and cytology in flow management.The results will be of great scientific significance in order to control algle bloom and remain the water quality in flow management.