CAJ | 학술논문

mTOR 通路是细胞内主要的营养感受器,对于细胞的增殖、生长及代谢具有重要作用。在细胞内,该通路通过与特定蛋白结合形成蛋白复合物而发挥作用。目前发现在哺乳动物中有两种含 mTOR的蛋白复合物：mTORC1和 mTORC2,两者对 mTOR 通路抑制剂雷帕霉素的敏感性不同,在体内更是发挥着截然不同的作用。雷帕霉素作为免疫抑制剂和抗肿瘤药物在临床中应用广泛,然而长期使用可损害β细胞引起糖耐量异常等代谢紊乱。进一步的转基因小鼠模型和体外试验表明,mTORC1和 mTORC2的活性对于维持胰岛细胞数量及功能十分重要。而其是否参与2型糖尿病发病,及其在β细胞内所介导的具体分子机制是目前该领域研究的热点之一。
mTOR 통로시세포내주요적영양감수기,대우세포적증식、생장급대사구유중요작용。재세포내,해통로통과여특정단백결합형성단백복합물이발휘작용。목전발현재포유동물중유량충함 mTOR적단백복합물：mTORC1화 mTORC2,량자대 mTOR 통로억제제뢰파매소적민감성불동,재체내경시발휘착절연불동적작용。뢰파매소작위면역억제제화항종류약물재림상중응용엄범,연이장기사용가손해β세포인기당내량이상등대사문란。진일보적전기인소서모형화체외시험표명,mTORC1화 mTORC2적활성대우유지이도세포수량급공능십분중요。이기시부삼여2형당뇨병발병,급기재β세포내소개도적구체분자궤제시목전해영역연구적열점지일。
mTOR pathway plays a critical role in cell proliferation, growth and metabolism. This pathway is composed of two different large protein complexes, mTORC1 and mTORC2, which have their distinct downstream effects. Its inhibitor, rapamycin, has been proved to cause β-cell damage and glucose intolerance. Furthermore, various transgenic mouse models and ex vivo studies have revealed that mTORC1 and mTORC2 are both essential for maintaining normal β cell mass and function, whereas the underlying molecular mechanism and the relevance of the whole mTOR signaling to pathogenesis of type 2 diabetes remain to be explored and further clarified.