CAJ | 학술논문

物流业发展对丝绸之路经济带建设具有十分重要的意义，而效率是物流业发展的主要方面。近年来，我国物流业发展很快，但由于起步晚，与发达国家和地区相比仍然存在较大差距，尚未走出高成本、低效率的状态，提高物流业效率已经成为当务之急。以2004-2012年面板数据为基础，实证分析我国丝绸之路经济带物流业效率及其影响因素发现，丝绸之路经济带物流业全要素生产率受技术进步的影响呈波动趋势，年均下降2.1%，主要源于技术进步与规模效率的下降；各地区物流业全要素生产率均值为0.979，地区技术进步效率不高，其中宁夏物流业效率最高，云南物流业效率降幅最大；物流业专业化程度与物流业资源利用率对丝绸之路经济带物流业效率具有显著的正向影响；城镇化水平与开放程度有助于提升丝绸之路经济带物流业效率，但统计上并不显著。这在一定程度上表明，当前经济实力、产业结构、人力资本水平三个因素对提升丝绸之路经济带物流业效率尚不存在积极影响。为更好地提升丝绸之路经济带物流业效率，应进一步促进物流业技术进步及其推广应用；进一步加强一体化规划，提高物流业规模效率与资源利用率；进一步培育物流业集群与龙头企业，提高物流业专业化程度；进一步改善物流业发展的“软环境”，提升物流业效率。
물류업발전대사주지로경제대건설구유십분중요적의의，이효솔시물류업발전적주요방면。근년래，아국물류업발전흔쾌，단유우기보만，여발체국가화지구상비잉연존재교대차거，상미주출고성본、저효솔적상태，제고물류업효솔이경성위당무지급。이2004-2012년면판수거위기출，실증분석아국사주지로경제대물류업효솔급기영향인소발현，사주지로경제대물류업전요소생산솔수기술진보적영향정파동추세，년균하강2.1%，주요원우기술진보여규모효솔적하강；각지구물류업전요소생산솔균치위0.979，지구기술진보효솔불고，기중저하물류업효솔최고，운남물류업효솔강폭최대；물류업전업화정도여물류업자원이용솔대사주지로경제대물류업효솔구유현저적정향영향；성진화수평여개방정도유조우제승사주지로경제대물류업효솔，단통계상병불현저。저재일정정도상표명，당전경제실력、산업결구、인력자본수평삼개인소대제승사주지로경제대물류업효솔상불존재적겁영향。위경호지제승사주지로경제대물류업효솔，응진일보촉진물류업기술진보급기추엄응용；진일보가강일체화규화，제고물류업규모효솔여자원이용솔；진일보배육물류업집군여룡두기업，제고물류업전업화정도；진일보개선물류업발전적“연배경”，제승물류업효솔。
The development of logistics industry is of great significance to establishing a Silk Road economic belt;and efficiency is the main factor of the development of logistics industry. In recent years,China's logistics industry is developed quickly;but compared with other developed countries and regions,we still lagged behind. Improving logistic efficiency has become the urgent affairs. Based on methods of Malmquist productivity index,Tobit Model,and panel data from 2004 to 2012, an empirical analysis is made on the logistics efficiency and its influencing factors in the Silk Road economic belt during that period of time. The results show that:affected by technology advancement,the total factor productivity of logistics in the Silk Road economic belt is fluctuant. It decreases by an average of 2.1%annually,which mainly comes from the decline of technology advancement and scale efficiency. For regions in the Silk Road economic belt,the average total factor productivity of logistics is 0.979,and the efficiency of regional technology advancement is not high. The logistics efficiency in Ningxia is the highest,and the logistics efficiency in Yunnan suffers the biggest drop. The positive impacts of degree of specialization and logistics resource utilization on the logistics efficiency in the Silk Road economic belt are significantly. While the negative impact of the level of human capital on logistics efficiency isn't statistically significant. To better promote the efficiency of logistics industry of Silk Road economic belt,we should,first,further promote the technology advancement of logistics industry and the popularization and application of that;second,we should strengthen the plan of integration and improve the scale efficiency and level of resources utilization of logistics industry;third,we should cultivate more clusters and leading enterprises of this industry and improve the level of specification;and fourth,we should improve the"soft environment"of logistic development and improve the efficiency of logistics industry.