CAJ | 학술논문

以1997～2013年河北省审定转基因抗虫棉区域试验资料为材料，从产量、品质和抗病性3个方面对河北省转基因抗虫棉遗传改良进展进行分述。结果表明，产量呈不断上升趋势，平均皮棉产量从1997年的790．5 kg／hm2增加到2013年的1534．0 kg／hm2，产量潜力以每年34．090 kg／hm2的速度极显著增长；棉花产量组分性状对皮棉产量的贡献大小依次是衣分＞单株铃数＞单铃重。纤维品质中的断裂比强度有一定程度的提高，马克隆值呈增高的趋势，上半部平均长度遗传改良进展缓慢；整齐度指数大幅度提高；伸长率变幅不大。品种对枯萎病抗性保持在较高水平，黄萎病抗性有待提高，对枯黄萎病兼抗型品种缺乏；未来河北省转基因抗虫棉遗传育种主攻目标是协调产量与品质之间矛盾，找出产量与品质的最佳配置，实现对产量和纤维品质的同步改良。
이1997～2013년하북성심정전기인항충면구역시험자료위재료，종산량、품질화항병성3개방면대하북성전기인항충면유전개량진전진행분술。결과표명，산량정불단상승추세，평균피면산량종1997년적790．5 kg／hm2증가도2013년적1534．0 kg／hm2，산량잠력이매년34．090 kg／hm2적속도겁현저증장；면화산량조분성상대피면산량적공헌대소의차시의분＞단주령수＞단령중。섬유품질중적단렬비강도유일정정도적제고，마극륭치정증고적추세，상반부평균장도유전개량진전완만；정제도지수대폭도제고；신장솔변폭불대。품충대고위병항성보지재교고수평，황위병항성유대제고，대고황위병겸항형품충결핍；미래하북성전기인항충면유전육충주공목표시협조산량여품질지간모순，조출산량여품질적최가배치，실현대산량화섬유품질적동보개량。
Based on the data from Hebei provincial regional trials for cotton varieties during 1997~2013, the effects of genetic improvement on the yield, fiber quality and disease resistance of transgenic insect-resistant cotton varieties in Hebei province were analyzed.The results indicated that the average lint yield increased from 790.5 kg/hm2 in 1997 to 1534.0 kg/hm2 in 2013.The yield potential increased significantly at the rate of 34.090 kg/hm2 per year.The contribution of yield-component traits to cotton lint yield showed the following sequence:lint percentage>boll number per plant>single-boll weight.As for the fiber quality of cotton, fiber strength was improved to a certain degree; Micronaire value revealed a rising trend; the progress in the genetic im-provement of upper half mean length was slow;uniformity index was enhanced greatly;fiber elongation rate had little change.The resistance of cotton varieties to Fusarium wilt maintained at a higher level, and their resistance to Verticillium wilt needed to be fur-ther improved.The cotton varieties with resistances to both Fusarium wilt and Verticillium wilt were lack.The main target of future transgenic insect-resistant cotton breeding in Hebei province is to balance the contradiction between yield and quality, and to find the best configuration for them in order to achieve synchronous improvement.