CAJ | 학술논문

反思取向的教师专业发展理念出现于20世纪80年代，是在对客观实在论的知识观进行批判的基础上产生的，代表了教师专业发展向建构主义思维方式的转向。反思取向的教师专业发展，追求的是教师发展理论之维与实践之维的交融和提升，其内涵具体表现为五个方面：一是在教师发展境界上，倡导教师形成以身载道的个人哲学；二是在教师本质上，强调教师是一个机体；三是在教师与课程的关系上，主张教师即课程；四是在教师培养上，注重培育教师智慧；五是在大学与中小学的关系上，强调二者是一个合作共生的整体。而更新教师教育的前设、教师成为自我的领导者、教师在教育理念与实践之间保持张力、寻求有效的反思训练，是实现反思取向教师专业发展的具体诉求。
반사취향적교사전업발전이념출현우20세기80년대，시재대객관실재론적지식관진행비판적기출상산생적，대표료교사전업발전향건구주의사유방식적전향。반사취향적교사전업발전，추구적시교사발전이론지유여실천지유적교융화제승，기내함구체표현위오개방면：일시재교사발전경계상，창도교사형성이신재도적개인철학；이시재교사본질상，강조교사시일개궤체；삼시재교사여과정적관계상，주장교사즉과정；사시재교사배양상，주중배육교사지혜；오시재대학여중소학적관계상，강조이자시일개합작공생적정체。이경신교사교육적전설、교사성위자아적령도자、교사재교육이념여실천지간보지장력、심구유효적반사훈련，시실현반사취향교사전업발전적구체소구。
In the 1 980s,based on the critique of Objective Realism,the ideas of reflection-orientated teachers’professional development appeared,which marks the transition of professional development to Constructivism.What reflection-orientated teachers’professional development pursues is the blend-ing and enhancement of theory and practice of teachers’professional development.Its connotation con-tains five aspects.First,in the view of realm of teacher development,it pursues such a life that teach-er should practice the philosophy he advocates.Second,in the view of teacher’s essence,it believes that the teacher is an organism.Third,in the view of relationship between teacher and curriculum,it stresses that the teacher is the curriculum.Fourth,in the view of teacher training,it stresses the cul-tivation of the teacher’s wisdom.And finally,in the view of interaction between schools and universi-ties,it stresses integration of the two in a symbiotic whole.To realize the reflection-orientated teachers’professional development,four important respects should be taken into consideration.First, teacher education should be updated.Second,the teacher should become the leader of himself.Third, the teacher should maintain tensions between educational philosophy and practice.Last,effective re-flection training for teacher should be sought.