吉林师范大学学报(人文社会科学版)
吉林師範大學學報(人文社會科學版)
길림사범대학학보(인문사회과학판)
JILIN NORMAL UNIVERSITY JOURNAL(HUMANITIES & SOCIAL SCIENCE EDITION)
2015年
1期
87-92
,共6页
个体%起源%归类性属性%名义本质%含义
箇體%起源%歸類性屬性%名義本質%含義
개체%기원%귀류성속성%명의본질%함의
individual%origin%sortal property%nominal essence%sense
克里普克提出了个体本质的“起源”学说,并以此为基础论证了关于“专名无含义”的基本观点。若依可及关系对“必然性”分层并遵守逻辑必然性的要求,这一理论可以得到证成。但关于个体的识别,这一理论无能为力,而吉奇的“归类性属性”概念恰可为此提供启发。如果没有“类”的概念,将无法完成对个体存在的识别以及对其本质的“思想实验”式的追问与回溯,因而从认识论角度看,一旦专名进入实际使用之中,必定会被赋予特定含义。
剋裏普剋提齣瞭箇體本質的“起源”學說,併以此為基礎論證瞭關于“專名無含義”的基本觀點。若依可及關繫對“必然性”分層併遵守邏輯必然性的要求,這一理論可以得到證成。但關于箇體的識彆,這一理論無能為力,而吉奇的“歸類性屬性”概唸恰可為此提供啟髮。如果沒有“類”的概唸,將無法完成對箇體存在的識彆以及對其本質的“思想實驗”式的追問與迴溯,因而從認識論角度看,一旦專名進入實際使用之中,必定會被賦予特定含義。
극리보극제출료개체본질적“기원”학설,병이차위기출론증료관우“전명무함의”적기본관점。약의가급관계대“필연성”분층병준수라집필연성적요구,저일이론가이득도증성。단관우개체적식별,저일이론무능위력,이길기적“귀류성속성”개념흡가위차제공계발。여과몰유“류”적개념,장무법완성대개체존재적식별이급대기본질적“사상실험”식적추문여회소,인이종인식론각도간,일단전명진입실제사용지중,필정회피부여특정함의。
The origin theory of individual essence was proposed by Saul Kripke and it was acted as the on?tological basis to argue the rigidity theory of“proper names have no sense”. If we differentiate levels of“neces?sity”according to accessibility and comply with requirements of logical necessity, we can prove the rigidity the?ory. But this theory has nothing to do with the identification of individuals, in contrast, the notion of sortal prop?erty which was proposed by Geach can provide inspiration. If there is no notion of sort, we have no solutions to identify the existence of individuals and make thought experiments to explore its essence. Therefore, in the epis?temology, if proper names are used in linguistic practices, they will be given specific sense.