机械工程学报
機械工程學報
궤계공정학보
CHINESE JOURNAL OF MECHANICAL ENGINEERING
2014年
24期
93-99
,共7页
黄江华%刘晋平%王宝雨%胡正寰
黃江華%劉晉平%王寶雨%鬍正寰
황강화%류진평%왕보우%호정환
楔横轧%4Cr9Si2%气门%楔尖圆角%有限元法%缺陷
楔橫軋%4Cr9Si2%氣門%楔尖圓角%有限元法%缺陷
설횡알%4Cr9Si2%기문%설첨원각%유한원법%결함
cross wedge rolling%4Cr9Si2%valve%wedge tip fillet%finite element method%cracks
借助刚塑性有限元软件DEFORM-3D针对4Cr9Si2马氏体耐热钢楔横轧成形过程进行有限元数值模拟,得到楔横轧工艺参数——楔尖圆角对楔横轧4Cr9Si2马氏体耐热钢轧件对称中心的心部缺陷以及轧件表面的表面螺旋痕和对称中心横截面拉细的影响规律:随着楔尖圆角的增大,轧件表面径向力的数值得到减小,从而使横楔轧轧件表面螺旋痕将会明显减小;当楔尖圆角增大后,轧件心部横向应力σy和切应力τxy的持续时间将增加,同时,楔横轧轧件心部第一主应力σ1的方向将会发生改变,使轧件心部金属朝横向 y 方向流动,从而增加了楔横轧轧件心部缺陷产生的可能性;楔尖圆角增大,轧件轴向力Fz的数值将会减少,从而能够改善对称中心横截面拉细状况。进行4Cr9Si2马氏体钢的楔横轧轧制试验,验证有限元模拟结果的可靠性,并通过增大展宽角获得合格的轧件。
藉助剛塑性有限元軟件DEFORM-3D針對4Cr9Si2馬氏體耐熱鋼楔橫軋成形過程進行有限元數值模擬,得到楔橫軋工藝參數——楔尖圓角對楔橫軋4Cr9Si2馬氏體耐熱鋼軋件對稱中心的心部缺陷以及軋件錶麵的錶麵螺鏇痕和對稱中心橫截麵拉細的影響規律:隨著楔尖圓角的增大,軋件錶麵徑嚮力的數值得到減小,從而使橫楔軋軋件錶麵螺鏇痕將會明顯減小;噹楔尖圓角增大後,軋件心部橫嚮應力σy和切應力τxy的持續時間將增加,同時,楔橫軋軋件心部第一主應力σ1的方嚮將會髮生改變,使軋件心部金屬朝橫嚮 y 方嚮流動,從而增加瞭楔橫軋軋件心部缺陷產生的可能性;楔尖圓角增大,軋件軸嚮力Fz的數值將會減少,從而能夠改善對稱中心橫截麵拉細狀況。進行4Cr9Si2馬氏體鋼的楔橫軋軋製試驗,驗證有限元模擬結果的可靠性,併通過增大展寬角穫得閤格的軋件。
차조강소성유한원연건DEFORM-3D침대4Cr9Si2마씨체내열강설횡알성형과정진행유한원수치모의,득도설횡알공예삼수——설첨원각대설횡알4Cr9Si2마씨체내열강알건대칭중심적심부결함이급알건표면적표면라선흔화대칭중심횡절면랍세적영향규률:수착설첨원각적증대,알건표면경향력적수치득도감소,종이사횡설알알건표면라선흔장회명현감소;당설첨원각증대후,알건심부횡향응력σy화절응력τxy적지속시간장증가,동시,설횡알알건심부제일주응력σ1적방향장회발생개변,사알건심부금속조횡향 y 방향류동,종이증가료설횡알알건심부결함산생적가능성;설첨원각증대,알건축향력Fz적수치장회감소,종이능구개선대칭중심횡절면랍세상황。진행4Cr9Si2마씨체강적설횡알알제시험,험증유한원모의결과적가고성,병통과증대전관각획득합격적알건。
Forming process of 4Cr9Si2 martensite refractory steel by cross wedge rolling is simulated by means of rigid-plastic DEFORM-3D software. The influence regularities of cross wedge rolling technical parameter—wedging tip fillet for surface spiral, internal defeats, size reduction on center of symmetry are obtained:It is obvious that surface spiral will be reduced with increasing of the wedging tip fillet due to surface radial force decrease; The duration time of transverse stress and shear stress will be increased, meanwhile the direction of max stress will be changed and metal flow direction will toward transverse direction with increasing of the wedging tip fillet, and consequently these factors lead to higher possibility of internal defeats; Size reduction on center of symmetry will be improved due to the value of axial forceFz decrease with increase of wedging tip fillet. Rolling experiments are carried out to verify the reliability of the simulation results, and qualified part is obtained by means of increasing stretching angle.