CAJ | 학술논문

目的：了解广州番禺地区儿童2011～2012年血铅的检测结果，为以后儿童保健和预防铅污染提供参考依据。方法使用原子吸收光谱仪对2011～2012年在广州市番禺区中心医院体检的6308例儿童全血血铅进行检测。将受检儿童血铅结果进行分析：①按年龄的不同分为5个年龄组：婴儿组（1～12个月，1511例），幼儿组（1～2岁，1558例），学龄前组（3～6岁，1704例），学龄期组（7～11岁，1076例），青春发育期组（12～18岁，459例）；②在年龄组别的基础上按性别分成男、女两组；③根据不同检测年份分成2011年和2012年两组。结果2011年和2012年，该地区儿童血铅总体水平为37.01±29.18μg／L，总中毒率为1.66％；随着年龄的增长，血铅水平基本呈上升趋势，中毒率从幼儿期开始基本保持稳定；该地区男童血铅水平为38.87±30.18μg／L，中毒率为1.91％，女童血铅水平为34.13±27.32μg／L，中毒率为1.29％，大部分年龄段男童的血铅水平和铅中毒率都要高于女童。结论该地区儿童血铅水平与广州等大城市相比有所下降，但尚未达到理想水平，还存在一定程度的铅污染情况，政府除了需要加大控制污染的力度外，还需要加强家长和儿童对铅中毒的认识、教育和预防。
목적：료해엄주번우지구인동2011～2012년혈연적검측결과，위이후인동보건화예방연오염제공삼고의거。방법사용원자흡수광보의대2011～2012년재엄주시번우구중심의원체검적6308례인동전혈혈연진행검측。장수검인동혈연결과진행분석：①안년령적불동분위5개년령조：영인조（1～12개월，1511례），유인조（1～2세，1558례），학령전조（3～6세，1704례），학령기조（7～11세，1076례），청춘발육기조（12～18세，459례）；②재년령조별적기출상안성별분성남、녀량조；③근거불동검측년빈분성2011년화2012년량조。결과2011년화2012년，해지구인동혈연총체수평위37.01±29.18μg／L，총중독솔위1.66％；수착년령적증장，혈연수평기본정상승추세，중독솔종유인기개시기본보지은정；해지구남동혈연수평위38.87±30.18μg／L，중독솔위1.91％，녀동혈연수평위34.13±27.32μg／L，중독솔위1.29％，대부분년령단남동적혈연수평화연중독솔도요고우녀동。결론해지구인동혈연수평여엄주등대성시상비유소하강，단상미체도이상수평，환존재일정정도적연오염정황，정부제료수요가대공제오염적력도외，환수요가강가장화인동대연중독적인식、교육화예방。
Objective To understand the children health care and the prevention of lead pollution in Panyu in the future by re-search on the detection result of blood lead from Panyu children during 2011 and 2012.Methods The detection of whole blood lead was by atomic absorption spectrometer from body examination in 6 308 children in Panyu Center Hospital be-tween 2011 and 2012:①The blood lead result from assigned children were divided into five age groups:infancy group (1~12 months,1 511 cases),toddler age group (1~2 years,1 558 cases),preschool age group (3~6 years,1 704 cases),school age group (7~11 years,1 076 cases)and adolescence group (12~18 years,459 cases).②Based on different age group,each group was separated by male and female.③According to the detection year,each group was also put into 2011 and 2012 re-spectively.Results The overall level of children blood lead in Panyu,Guangzhou in 2011 and 2012 was 37.01±29.18μg/L, and the total poisoning rate was 1.2 9%.Along with the growth of age,the overall level of children blood lead was in up-wards trend but the poisoning rate kept in a stable level beginning from infant stage.The blood lead level of boys in Panyu was 38.87±30.18μg/L,and the poisoning rate was 1.91%;the blood lead level of girls was 34.13±27.32μg/L,and the poisoning rate was 1.29%.The blood lead levels and the poisoning rates of boys were higher than girl’s in most of age groups.Conclusion Compared with other big cities like Guangzhou,the blood lead level of children in Panyu was declined but it’s not the standard performance,and there’s a certain extent of lead pollution.So in addition to reinforce pollution con-trol from government,parents and children should enhance the knowledge,education and precaution of lead poisoning.