CAJ | 학술논문

综述了两种机械加工强化机理：组织强化和应力强化。根据晶体位错理论分析，组织强化通过改变金属材料微观组织，提高位错密度，使材料流变应力增加，强度提高。介绍了用于解释机械加工位错强化、晶界强化、应变强化、择优取向强化的理论模型及各强化机理在机械加工强化中的作用，分析了应力强化中残余应力的产生原因。以文献研究为基础，总结了机械加工工艺强化原理和工艺设备的发展现状，讨论了机械加工强化机理和强化工艺的对应关系，指出了机械加工强化工艺的发展方向。
종술료량충궤계가공강화궤리：조직강화화응력강화。근거정체위착이론분석，조직강화통과개변금속재료미관조직，제고위착밀도，사재료류변응력증가，강도제고。개소료용우해석궤계가공위착강화、정계강화、응변강화、택우취향강화적이론모형급각강화궤리재궤계가공강화중적작용，분석료응력강화중잔여응력적산생원인。이문헌연구위기출，총결료궤계가공공예강화원리화공예설비적발전현상，토론료궤계가공강화궤리화강화공예적대응관계，지출료궤계가공강화공예적발전방향。
Mechanical machining processes involved micro-structure strengthening mechanism and stress strengthening mechanism were reviewed herein.Material microstructure evolution caused by mechanical machining could improve material performance due to the flow stress increases of the ma-chined workpiece based on the dislocation theory.Theoretical models were applied to explain the mechanism of dislocation strengthening,grain boundary strengthening,strain strengthening and pre-ferred orientation strengthening.The effects of these strengthening mechanism on mechanical machi-ning processes were then introduced and the formations of residual stress in stress strengthening process were presented.The principles of mechanical machining processes and the development status of processing equipment were summarized.The relationship between strengthening mechanism and strengthening process was discussed.In the end,the development perspectives of strengthening process were pointed out.