CAJ | 학술논문

1945年以来，世界各主要核国家进行了数千次核试验，这些核试验产生的绝大部分放射性物质通过多种途径进入海洋，对海洋环境造成放射性污染。本文建立了一个准全球海洋的放射性物质输运和扩散数值模式，通过数值模拟手段评估了历史核试验释放的放射性物质137 Cs对中国近海海洋环境的影响。本文借助前人工作评估了核试验释放137 Cs进入海洋的途径和总量；通过比较模拟结果与观测资料，表明本文建立的放射性物质模式能够较好地模拟出137 Cs在中国近海及其邻近海域的分布情况和随时间演变特征；模拟结果表明中国近海里的137 Cs浓度在20世纪50年代中期达到最大，其中吕宋海峡海域137 Cs浓度最高，达80.99 Bq／m3；进一步分析了2011年3月份日本福岛核事故前中国近海137 Cs浓度分布状况，2011年整个中国近海137 Cs浓度介于1.0～1.6 Bq／m3间，且其浓度垂向分布较均匀，相对封闭的南海浓度略高于其他海域。
1945년이래，세계각주요핵국가진행료수천차핵시험，저사핵시험산생적절대부분방사성물질통과다충도경진입해양，대해양배경조성방사성오염。본문건립료일개준전구해양적방사성물질수운화확산수치모식，통과수치모의수단평고료역사핵시험석방적방사성물질137 Cs대중국근해해양배경적영향。본문차조전인공작평고료핵시험석방137 Cs진입해양적도경화총량；통과비교모의결과여관측자료，표명본문건립적방사성물질모식능구교호지모의출137 Cs재중국근해급기린근해역적분포정황화수시간연변특정；모의결과표명중국근해리적137 Cs농도재20세기50년대중기체도최대，기중려송해협해역137 Cs농도최고，체80.99 Bq／m3；진일보분석료2011년3월빈일본복도핵사고전중국근해137 Cs농도분포상황，2011년정개중국근해137 Cs농도개우1.0～1.6 Bq／m3간，차기농도수향분포교균균，상대봉폐적남해농도략고우기타해역。
Since 1945 ,thousands of nuclear experiments have been carried outin many countries .Those experiments , performed either in atmosphere or under seawater ,have posed a significant distribution to the radionuclide contami‐nation on the world oceans .The distribution and evolution process of radioactive materials in the ocean have to be studied based on the long‐term pollution characters ,w hich requires a marine radionuclides model to be established . Thus in this paper ,we have established a quasi‐global marine radionuclides model to study the transport ,distribu‐tion and evolution of the 137 Cs in the China seas ,resulting from the nuclear experiments since 1945 .The 137 Cs is in‐troduced into seawaters not only from the sub‐water experiments but also from the global fallout due to atmospher‐ic nuclear experiments .The simulated vertical and horizontal distribution of the 137 Cs agrees well with the observa‐tion .The decaying process of the 137 Cs is also presented in the simulation .The 137 Cs from nuclear experiments en‐tered in China seas since the 1940s .In the early 1960s ,the concentration of 137 Cs in China seas reached its maxi‐mum and then reduced gradually due to the decay of the 137 Cs and the dilution from sea waters .By 2011 ,the con‐centration of 137 Cs in China seas is less than 2 Bq/m3 and the concentration of 137 Cs is higher in the South China Sea than in the other seas .