CAJ | 학술논문

身心合一论是中国古代思想的基本观念。身是以“气”为根基，并通过“修身-修心”与“修心-修身”可至天人合一的身体。本文选取中国古代思想中最有代表性的儒道两家思想，融合现象学视角来诠释中国古代儒道思想中的身体观对身体主体性的生动凸显，以及从“身-心-世界”三者互为交涉的层次上所建构的特有的认知观。随着国内外学者对具身认知观的日益关注，结合中国古代思想视角开展的具身认知研究可在促进中国心理学发展的同时促进具身认知研究范式的成熟。
신심합일론시중국고대사상적기본관념。신시이“기”위근기，병통과“수신-수심”여“수심-수신”가지천인합일적신체。본문선취중국고대사상중최유대표성적유도량가사상，융합현상학시각래전석중국고대유도사상중적신체관대신체주체성적생동철현，이급종“신-심-세계”삼자호위교섭적층차상소건구적특유적인지관。수착국내외학자대구신인지관적일익관주，결합중국고대사상시각개전적구신인지연구가재촉진중국심이학발전적동시촉진구신인지연구범식적성숙。
Ancient Chinese thought reflected the ontology idea of body and had a construction of mixer of the “body-mind-world” system. The syncretism of body-mind was an essential preset in ancient Chinese thought. “Qi” was regarded as a basic material of universe as well as human being. Ancient Chinese controlled the “Qi” by the practice of self-cultivation. The balanced flow of in and out of “Qi” in the body of human being could make an effort of body figure, physical structure and mind. The body concept of ancient Chinese thought was more propound and diversified than the body concept of modern western embodied cognitive theory. Ancient Chinese reached the state of syncretism between nature and man by approach of cultivating from body to mind and cultivating from mind to body. In Confucianism, Confucius established the traditional practice of kernel. The self-cultivation of practice of kernel which was constituted of ritual studies mainly focused on the transformation of body and mind. In Taoism, Zhuangzi was opposed to the constraint of man’s body and mind so that he put forward a view that human being should use their body subject and kenotic body to make perception of the world and taoism. But Confucianism and Taoism had a common body subject. The perception of body subject was the most important cognitive factor to cognition of self and world. With the bidirectional shape of body and mind, the body-mind experience of taoism was the common ideal of Confucianism and Taoism. Meanwhile, Confucianism and Taoism reflected and practiced cultivation in social situation. The body was sitational. The ritual of Confucianism was a interpersonal communication system included spatial and comport metaphor. Taoism advocated inaction of all things. They thought human being should concentrate on their body and body knowing of the nature. The embodied thought of ancient Chinese thought was a complexity theory which suffuses strong traditional culture. As Merleau-Ponty’s proposition, ancient Chinese body had the same basic material as the world. In ancient Chinese thought, “Qi” was the basic material of body and so as the world. With the concern of embodied cognition, study integrating the perspective of the view of body-mind of ancient Chinese thought can promote the development of Chinese psychology and the paradigm of embodied cognition.