CAJ | 학술논문

岩石宏观破裂状态及其细–微观形貌是表征岩石破坏机制的重要特征，而断口形貌则由岩石破裂过程中的能量特征确定。花岗岩在中低应变率加载条件下宏观上均成剪切破裂模式。利用扫描电镜(SEM)和3D激光扫描仪，研究不同应变率加载条件下花岗岩断口的细微观形貌特征；采用分形原理，对岩石破裂表面的粗糙程度进行定量表征。结果表明：随着应变率的增高，花岗岩细微观断裂模式变化规律为沿晶断裂→沿晶断裂和解理断裂→穿晶断裂(路径弯折)→穿晶断裂(路径较平直)。应变率的不同导致岩石破裂过程中吸收能量的差异，进而影响裂纹扩展的难易程度以及参与扩展裂纹的数量，最终导致岩石强度随应变率的增加而增加。
암석굉관파렬상태급기세–미관형모시표정암석파배궤제적중요특정，이단구형모칙유암석파렬과정중적능량특정학정。화강암재중저응변솔가재조건하굉관상균성전절파렬모식。이용소묘전경(SEM)화3D격광소묘의，연구불동응변솔가재조건하화강암단구적세미관형모특정；채용분형원리，대암석파렬표면적조조정도진행정량표정。결과표명：수착응변솔적증고，화강암세미관단렬모식변화규률위연정단렬→연정단렬화해리단렬→천정단렬(로경만절)→천정단렬(로경교평직)。응변솔적불동도치암석파렬과정중흡수능량적차이，진이영향렬문확전적난역정도이급삼여확전렬문적수량，최종도치암석강도수응변솔적증가이증가。
The macroscopic fracture modes and the micro-meso morphology are the important characteristics to represent rock failure mechanism. The shear failure mode is the main macro fracture mode of the granite under low and intermediate strain rates. The mesoscopic morphology was studied using scanning electron microscope(SEM) and 3D laser scanner,and the roughness of the fractured surface was quantitatively studied based on fractal theory. The research results show that with increasing strain rates,the main fracture modes change from intergranular fracture,intergranular fracture and cleavage fracture,transgranular with curved path to transgranular with straight path. Based on the research results of micro-meso fracture modes,it has been concluded that the difference of strain rates leads to the difference of energy absorption and the differences of the fracture morphology of rock, which finally leads to the rate sensitivity of rock strength.