CAJ | 학술논문

复调理论贯穿了20世纪西方文论史，始于巴赫金，由萨义德来谢幕。巴赫金的复调理论是对话性思维，是作者、主人公的对话，侧重作者与作品；萨义德的对位法是联系性思维，是东方与西方的对话，侧重读者和世界：二者在认识论上都基于客体的主体性，二者在方法论上都向文本外部拓展，注重事物间的联系，重视社会分析、历史溯源、同时性共存。但二者在东方观、体系性和破立之道上存在分歧，萨义德的对位法从三方面发展了巴赫金的复调理论：挣脱欧洲中心倾向，放眼东方；打破整体性系统，关注局部；摧毁权威，有虚无主义倾向。
복조이론관천료20세기서방문론사，시우파혁금，유살의덕래사막。파혁금적복조이론시대화성사유，시작자、주인공적대화，측중작자여작품；살의덕적대위법시련계성사유，시동방여서방적대화，측중독자화세계：이자재인식론상도기우객체적주체성，이자재방법론상도향문본외부탁전，주중사물간적련계，중시사회분석、역사소원、동시성공존。단이자재동방관、체계성화파립지도상존재분기，살의덕적대위법종삼방면발전료파혁금적복조이론：쟁탈구주중심경향，방안동방；타파정체성계통，관주국부；최훼권위，유허무주의경향。
Polyphonic theory had been one of the most popular Western literary theories through out the whole twentieth century. It is originally introduced by Bakhtin, and completed by Edward Said. Bakhtin's polyphonic theory is a thinking based on dialogue, which is between the author and the protagonists and focusing on the author and the work itself. For Edward Said, polyphony is based on contact. It is a dialogue between the East and the West, focusing on readers and the world. Both are based epistemologically on subjectivity of the object, and methodologically trying to extend outside of the texts, focusing on connections, paying attention to social-analysis, historical backgrounds and simultaneous coexistence. But the two differ on the concept of the Orient, the extent of systematization, and the way to approve and disapprove. From the following three aspects, Edward Said develops Bakhtin's polyphonic theory: to look at the Orient instead of sticking to Euro-centrism; to break integral systems and pay attention to individual parts;as well as to destroy authorities and lean to nihilism.