CAJ | 학술논문

矿区废弃地生态退化形势严峻，生态修复已成为矿区可持续发展的主要措施，土壤微生物和酶活性可作为评价土壤恢复质量的敏感因子。本研究将以山西省安太堡煤矿复垦区作为对象，分析植被恢复方式对土壤微生物和酶活的影响。结果表明，不同植被方式对土壤理化特征、参与氮代谢的3类菌群(固氮菌、硝化细菌和反硝化细菌)和4种酶活性(蔗糖酶、过氧化氢酶、脲酶和多酚氧化酶活)均有显著影响。土壤总氮含量与固氮菌和硝化细菌数量均显著相关，而与反硝化细菌不相关。多酚氧化酶活性与有机碳和总氮含量之间为负相关，而其它3种酶与有机碳和总氮之间呈正相关。通过主成分分析计算综合肥力指标，刺槐-油松混交林土壤综合肥力指标最高，而未复垦综合肥力指标最低。可见，刺槐-油松混交林是晋西北干旱区矿区复垦较为适宜的植被恢复模式。
광구폐기지생태퇴화형세엄준，생태수복이성위광구가지속발전적주요조시，토양미생물화매활성가작위평개토양회복질량적민감인자。본연구장이산서성안태보매광복은구작위대상，분석식피회복방식대토양미생물화매활적영향。결과표명，불동식피방식대토양이화특정、삼여담대사적3류균군(고담균、초화세균화반초화세균)화4충매활성(자당매、과양화경매、뇨매화다분양화매활)균유현저영향。토양총담함량여고담균화초화세균수량균현저상관，이여반초화세균불상관。다분양화매활성여유궤탄화총담함량지간위부상관，이기타3충매여유궤탄화총담지간정정상관。통과주성분분석계산종합비력지표，자괴-유송혼교림토양종합비력지표최고，이미복은종합비력지표최저。가견，자괴-유송혼교림시진서북간한구광구복은교위괄의적식피회복모식。
Ecological degradation in the mining areas is greatly aggravated in recent several decades, and ecological restoration has become the primary measure for the sustainable development. Soil microbe and enzyme activity are sensitive indices to evaluate soil quality. Ecological reconstruction was initiated in Antaibao mining area, and we tested soil physicochemical properties, microbial populations of azotobacteria, nitrifying-bacteria and denitrifying-bacteria, and enzyme activities ( including sucrose, polyphenol oxidase, dehydrogenase and urease) under different regeneration scenarios. Regeneration scenarios had significant effects on soil physicochemical properties, microbial population and enzyme activities. Total nitrogen was strongly correlated with azotobacteria and nitrifying-bacteria, however, total nitrogen was not correlated with denitrifying-bacteria. Phenol oxidase activity was negatively correlated with soil organic carbon and total nitrogen, but other enzyme activities were positively correlated with soil organic carbon and total nitrogen. Principal Component Analysis (PCA) was applied to analyze the integrated fertility index (IFI). The highest and lowest IFIs were in Robinia pseudoacacia-Pinus tabuliformis mixed forests and un-reclaimed area, respectively. R. pseudoacacia-P. tabuliformis mixed forests were feasible for reclaimed mining areas in semi-arid region Northwest Shanxi.