CAJ | 학술논문

添加外源镉污染水稻土进行池栽试验,施入不同形态及数量的硫肥(单质硫、石膏),研究硫素对水稻根系铁锰胶膜的形成及对水稻吸收镉的影响.结果表明,整个水稻生育期内,土壤溶液 Eh 范围在-200~100 mV 之间； pH 在6.9~7.9之间；pe + pH 在4~10之间.水稻根表胶膜以 Fe 膜为主,其质量分数达到5000~13000 mg?kg -1,Mn 膜的质量分数相对较小,为170~580 mg?kg -1.在孕穗期高硫量处理与低硫量处理的铁胶膜质量分数分别为9400 mg?kg -1和8600 mg?kg -1,高硫量处理比低硫量处理可生成更多的铁胶膜；而根表锰胶膜的数量差异主要表现在分蘖期,单质硫和石膏硫处理的锰胶膜质量分数分别为600 mg?kg -1和400 mg?kg -1,达到显著差异水平,单质硫比石膏硫更易促进水稻根表锰胶膜的形成.胶膜对于 Fe2+过量吸收有一定阻控作用,对 Mn2+作用不显著.水稻根表胶膜吸附 Cd 的质量分数在分蘖期为78.8~131.1 mg?kg -1,孕穗期16.6~21.1 mg?kg -1,成熟期3.0~9.2 mg?kg -1.在分蘖期与孕穗期,高硫量处理比低硫量处理的吸附量高,在成熟期反之.采用 ACA 方法浸提铁锰胶膜内的 Cd 测定值并不能真实地表明胶膜实际固定 Cd 的质量分数.水稻体内各部位 Cd 的质量分数表现为根﹥茎叶﹥籽粒.一定量的施硫能有效减少水稻各器官中 Cd 的质量分数.对于根和茎叶,单质硫在成熟期以前效果好于石膏硫；对于籽粒,石膏硫效果更佳.一定量的硫肥,能有效阻碍 Cd 从水稻根部向茎叶与籽粒的转移.对于茎叶,在孕穗期单质硫和石膏硫的 Cd 转移系数分别为0.13和0.25,差异显著,单质硫能更好地阻碍 Cd 的转移；对于籽粒,石膏硫的阻碍效果更好.
첨가외원력오염수도토진행지재시험,시입불동형태급수량적류비(단질류、석고),연구류소대수도근계철맹효막적형성급대수도흡수력적영향.결과표명,정개수도생육기내,토양용액 Eh 범위재-200~100 mV 지간； pH 재6.9~7.9지간；pe + pH 재4~10지간.수도근표효막이 Fe 막위주,기질량분수체도5000~13000 mg?kg -1,Mn 막적질량분수상대교소,위170~580 mg?kg -1.재잉수기고류량처리여저류량처리적철효막질량분수분별위9400 mg?kg -1화8600 mg?kg -1,고류량처리비저류량처리가생성경다적철효막；이근표맹효막적수량차이주요표현재분얼기,단질류화석고류처리적맹효막질량분수분별위600 mg?kg -1화400 mg?kg -1,체도현저차이수평,단질류비석고류경역촉진수도근표맹효막적형성.효막대우 Fe2+과량흡수유일정조공작용,대 Mn2+작용불현저.수도근표효막흡부 Cd 적질량분수재분얼기위78.8~131.1 mg?kg -1,잉수기16.6~21.1 mg?kg -1,성숙기3.0~9.2 mg?kg -1.재분얼기여잉수기,고류량처리비저류량처리적흡부량고,재성숙기반지.채용 ACA 방법침제철맹효막내적 Cd 측정치병불능진실지표명효막실제고정 Cd 적질량분수.수도체내각부위 Cd 적질량분수표현위근﹥경협﹥자립.일정량적시류능유효감소수도각기관중 Cd 적질량분수.대우근화경협,단질류재성숙기이전효과호우석고류；대우자립,석고류효과경가.일정량적류비,능유효조애 Cd 종수도근부향경협여자립적전이.대우경협,재잉수기단질류화석고류적 Cd 전이계수분별위0.13화0.25,차이현저,단질류능경호지조애 Cd 적전이；대우자립,석고류적조애효과경호.
A pool culture experiment using exogenous Cd-polluted paddy soils was carried out to investigate the influence of different forms of sulfur fertilizers (sulfur and gypsum) on the formation of Fe-Mn plaque on rice root and the uptake of Cd by rice. The results showed that the redox potential (Eh) was about - 200-100 mV, the pH was 6. 9-7. 9 and the pe + pH was 4-10 in different growth periods of rice. The mass fractions of Fe and Mn plaque on rice root were 5 000-13 000 mg?kg - 1 and 170-580 mg?kg - 1 , respectively. The high sulfur treatment led to the formation of more Fe plaque than the low sulfur treatment, and the mass fractions of Fe plaque in both treatments were 9 400 mg?kg - 1 and 8 600 mg?kg - 1 respectively in the boot stage. Contents of Mn plaque, significantly different in the tiller stage by elemental sulfur treatment and gypsum treatment, were 600 mg?kg - 1 and 400 mg?kg - 1 , respectively. The elemental S treatment led to the formation of more Mn plaque on rice root than the gypsum treatment. The excessive intake of Fe2 +might be prevented by the formation of the plaque which had little significant influence on the uptake of Mn2 + . The mass fractions of Cd adsorbed by rice roots surface plaque were 78. 8-131. 1 mg?kg - 1 in tiller stage, 16. 6-21. 1 mg?kg - 1 in boot stage, and 3. 0-9. 2 mg?kg - 1 in mature stage. The high sulfur treatment led to higher adsorption of Cd by the plaque than the low sulfur treatment in the tiller stage and the boot stage, while opposite result was observed in the mature stage. The values of Cd on the plaque measured by ACA could not truly show its actual contents adsorbed. The mass fractions of Cd in the different parts of rice followed the order of roots﹥ stem leaf ﹥ grain. The sulfur fertilizers applied significantly reduced the mass fractions of Cd uptake in different parts of rice, and the elemental sulfur treatment had better effects than the gypsum treatment before the mature stage in roots and stem leaf, and the gypsum sulfur treatment was better for grain. A certain amount of sulfur fertilizers could effectively prevent the migration of Cd from roots to stem and grain. The transfer coefficients of Cd from roots to stem leaf in the elemental sulfur treatment and the gypsum treatment were 0. 13 and 0. 25 in the boot stage, respectively, and the difference was significant. Elemental sulfur was more effective to prevent the Cd migration from roots to stem leaf, and the gypsum treatment was more active from roots to grain.