CAJ | 학술논문

目的对比分析有无视网膜病变的糖尿病患者焦虑、抑郁状态及人格特征.方法 2014年4～11月昆明医科大学第二附属医院内分泌科及眼科收治的糖尿病患者435例纳入研究.其中,伴有视网膜病变178例(A组),不伴有视网膜病变257例(B组).采用调查问卷的方式收集患者一般资料.由眼科医生应用焦虑自评量表(SAS)、抑郁自评量表(SDS)、大五人格量表(NEO-FFI)对患者进行评估和统计分数,最后评定两组患者的焦虑、抑郁状态以及人格特征.根据分值不同,将SAS分为轻度焦虑、中度焦虑、重度焦虑;SDS分为无抑郁、轻度抑郁、中度抑郁、重度抑郁.NEO-FFI从情绪稳定性、外向、开明性、随和、责任心5个方面进行测定.同时,以伴有视网膜病变为因变量,以文化程度、伴高血压、年龄、饮酒、职业等因素为自变量,采用多元线性回归分析法分析视网膜病变发生的影响因素.结果 A组患者中,轻度焦虑110例,中度焦虑57例,重度焦虑11例;无抑郁74例,轻度抑郁53例,中度抑郁31例,重度抑郁20例.B组患者中,轻度焦虑181例,中度焦虑53例,重度焦虑23例;无抑郁177例,轻度抑郁44例,中度抑郁25例,重度抑郁11例.A组SAS、SDS评分均较B组明显偏高,差异有统计学意义(P=0.035).A、B组患者NEO-FFI评分结果比较,B组患者在外向、随和、责任心方面的评分较A组更高,差异有统计学意义(P=0.022);B组患者在情绪稳定方面的评分较A组低,差异有统计学意义(P=0.014);两组患者在开明性方面的评分无明显差异(P=0.210).多元线性回归分析结果显示,文化程度、伴高血压、年龄、体重、饮酒、职业的忙绿程度均是视网膜病变发生的影响因素(P=0.019).结论与无视网膜病变者比较,有视网膜病变的糖尿病患者更容易焦虑、抑郁,且在外向、随和、责任心等人格特征方面评分较低.
목적 대비분석유무시망막병변적당뇨병환자초필、억욱상태급인격특정.방법 2014년4～11월곤명의과대학제이부속의원내분비과급안과수치적당뇨병환자435례납입연구.기중,반유시망막병변178례(A조),불반유시망막병변257례(B조).채용조사문권적방식수집환자일반자료.유안과의생응용초필자평량표(SAS)、억욱자평량표(SDS)、대오인격량표(NEO-FFI)대환자진행평고화통계분수,최후평정량조환자적초필、억욱상태이급인격특정.근거분치불동,장SAS분위경도초필、중도초필、중도초필;SDS분위무억욱、경도억욱、중도억욱、중도억욱.NEO-FFI종정서은정성、외향、개명성、수화、책임심5개방면진행측정.동시,이반유시망막병변위인변량,이문화정도、반고혈압、년령、음주、직업등인소위자변량,채용다원선성회귀분석법분석시망막병변발생적영향인소.결과 A조환자중,경도초필110례,중도초필57례,중도초필11례;무억욱74례,경도억욱53례,중도억욱31례,중도억욱20례.B조환자중,경도초필181례,중도초필53례,중도초필23례;무억욱177례,경도억욱44례,중도억욱25례,중도억욱11례.A조SAS、SDS평분균교B조명현편고,차이유통계학의의(P=0.035).A、B조환자NEO-FFI평분결과비교,B조환자재외향、수화、책임심방면적평분교A조경고,차이유통계학의의(P=0.022);B조환자재정서은정방면적평분교A조저,차이유통계학의의(P=0.014);량조환자재개명성방면적평분무명현차이(P=0.210).다원선성회귀분석결과현시,문화정도、반고혈압、년령、체중、음주、직업적망록정도균시시망막병변발생적영향인소(P=0.019).결론 여무시망막병변자비교,유시망막병변적당뇨병환자경용역초필、억욱,차재외향、수화、책임심등인격특정방면평분교저.
Objective To compare the anxiety,depressive and personality characteristics between diabetes mellitus patients with or without diabetic retinopathy (DR),and look for psychological treatment and corresponding prevention measures.Methods 435 diabetic patients were enrolled in this study from April to November 2014 in our hospital,including 178 DR cases (group A) and 257 cases without retinopathy (group B).All the patients completed a questionnaire,the Self-Rating Anxiety (SAS),the SelfRating Depression Scale (SDS) and the big five personality scale (NEO-FFI),and were scored by eye doctors.According to the score,SAS can be divided into mild anxiety,moderate anxiety,and severe anxiety.SDS is divided into depression,mild depression,moderate depression and major depression.NEO-FFI was scored from emotional stability,outgoing,openness,easy-going and sense of responsibility.Multiple linear regression analysis was used to analyze the DR risk factors in those scores and education level,high blood pressure,age,alcohol consumption,occupation and other factors.Results There were 110 cases of mild anxiety,57 cases of moderate anxiety,11 cases of severe anxiety;74 cases without depression,53 cases of mild depression,31 cases of moderate depression,20 cases with major depression in group A.There were 181 cases of mild anxiety,53 cases of moderate anxiety,23 cases of severe anxiety;177 cases without depression,44 cases of mild depression,25 cases of moderate depression,11 case with major depression in group B.Group A patients had higher SAS,SDS scores than group B,the difference was statistically significant (P =0.035).Group B patients had higher NEO-FFI score in outgoing,easygoing,responsibility (P=0.022),lower NEO-FFI score in emotional stability (P=0.014) and same NEO-FFI score in openness(P =0.210)compare to Group A patients.Multiple linear regression analysis results showed that education level,high blood pressure,age,weight,drinking,occupation can affect the degree of changes in the retina (P=0.019).Conclusions Compared with those without retinopathy,DR patients were more prone to anxiety and depression.They also had low score in personality characteristics of outgoing,easygoing,responsibility.