CAJ | 학술논문

【背景】土壤微生物是维持土壤生态系统中生物活性的重要组成部分，土壤细菌作为土壤中数量最丰富、分布最广泛的微生物类群，其结构多样性和动态分布对土壤生态系统的稳定具有重要意义。因此，评价转基因作物的安全性必须考虑转基因产物对土壤细菌的影响。【方法】在大田条件下，连续2年以转cry1Ie基因抗虫玉米和受体对照玉米为研究材料，采用变性梯度凝胶电泳（ PCR-DGGE）和磷脂脂肪酸（ PLFA）研究转cry1Ie基因抗虫玉米和受体对照玉米不同生育期根际土壤中细菌群落结构的变化。【结果】PLFA分析结果显示，2012年，转cry1Ie基因抗虫玉米和受体对照玉米间微生物总量在拔节期有显著性差异，其他时期无显著性差异；然而，土壤中细菌微生物总量和革兰氏阳性菌与革兰氏阴性菌微生物量比值在检测的4个时期均无显著性差异；其中，革兰氏阳性菌与革兰氏阴性菌比值均大于1。2013年的整个生育期内，转cry1Ie基因抗虫玉米和受体对照的微生物总量、细菌微生物量、革兰氏阳性菌与革兰氏阴性菌微生物量比值均无显著性差异。DGGE结果显示，2012年和2013年玉米的4个生育时期内，玉米根际土壤细菌群落结构相对较稳定，同一生育期转cry1Ie基因抗虫玉米和受体对照玉米间无显著性差异，且根际细菌群落结构相似性均达到较高水平，与PLFA检测结果大体一致。【结论与意义】2年的数据均表明，转cry1Ie基因抗虫玉米对土壤中细菌群落结构无显著性差异，可为转cry1Ie基因抗虫玉米安全性评价提供理论依据。
【배경】토양미생물시유지토양생태계통중생물활성적중요조성부분，토양세균작위토양중수량최봉부、분포최엄범적미생물류군，기결구다양성화동태분포대토양생태계통적은정구유중요의의。인차，평개전기인작물적안전성필수고필전기인산물대토양세균적영향。【방법】재대전조건하，련속2년이전cry1Ie기인항충옥미화수체대조옥미위연구재료，채용변성제도응효전영（ PCR-DGGE）화린지지방산（ PLFA）연구전cry1Ie기인항충옥미화수체대조옥미불동생육기근제토양중세균군락결구적변화。【결과】PLFA분석결과현시，2012년，전cry1Ie기인항충옥미화수체대조옥미간미생물총량재발절기유현저성차이，기타시기무현저성차이；연이，토양중세균미생물총량화혁란씨양성균여혁란씨음성균미생물량비치재검측적4개시기균무현저성차이；기중，혁란씨양성균여혁란씨음성균비치균대우1。2013년적정개생육기내，전cry1Ie기인항충옥미화수체대조적미생물총량、세균미생물량、혁란씨양성균여혁란씨음성균미생물량비치균무현저성차이。DGGE결과현시，2012년화2013년옥미적4개생육시기내，옥미근제토양세균군락결구상대교은정，동일생육기전cry1Ie기인항충옥미화수체대조옥미간무현저성차이，차근제세균군락결구상사성균체도교고수평，여PLFA검측결과대체일치。【결론여의의】2년적수거균표명，전cry1Ie기인항충옥미대토양중세균군락결구무현저성차이，가위전cry1Ie기인항충옥미안전성평개제공이론의거。
Background] Soil microbes are an important part for maintaining biological activities.Soil bacteria are diverse, widely distributed and their structural diversity and dynamic distribution are important for the stability of the lithosphere.In this study, the safety of genetically modified crops on soil bacteria was examined.[Method] The community structure of the rhizosphere in fields of transgenic cry1Ie maize and its parental non-Bt maize ( the control) were measured at different growth stages.This was assessed u-sing culture-independent technique polymerase chain reaction-denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis ( PCR-DGGE) and Phospholip-ids fatty acid (PLFA) assays.[Result] PLFA analysis showed that the bacteria biomass and G+/G-of transgenic cry1Ie maize and maize receptors control of 2012 had no significant difference at the same growth stage, but significant differences were detected for microbial biomass at different following stages.The values of G+/G-were greater than one, suggesting that at each growth stage, microbial biomass of Gram-positive bacteria was greater than Gram-negative bacteria.During the entire growing period, insect-resist-ant corn with cry1Ie receptor gene control was not a significant different than control corn.Tt was no significant difference in 2013 in the total amount of microbial and bacterial biomass and the ratio of Gram-positive bacteria and gram-negative bacteria between both corn types.The cluster analysis results showed no remarkable difference in DGGE profile of bacteria at the same growth stage.Corn rhizosphere bacterial community structure was relatively stable and similar in both 2012 and 2013.[Conclusion and significance]Two years of data showed that insect-resistant cry1Ie transgenic maize had no significant effects on soil bacterial community structure. The study can provide a theoretical basis to evaluate the safety of transgenic maize with cry1Ie gene.