中国岩溶
中國巖溶
중국암용
CARSOLOGICA SINICA
2015年
1期
35-42
,共8页
岩溶%碳酸盐岩条带%襄樊-广济断裂%构造热液白云岩化%硅化%天兴洲
巖溶%碳痠鹽巖條帶%襄樊-廣濟斷裂%構造熱液白雲巖化%硅化%天興洲
암용%탄산염암조대%양번-엄제단렬%구조열액백운암화%규화%천흥주
karst%carbonate zone%Xiangfan-Guangji fault%tectonic hydrothermal dolomitization%silicifica-tion%Tianxingzhou
为了研究武汉地区中北部紧邻襄樊—广济断裂的天兴洲碳酸盐岩条带岩溶发育的异常特性，将该条带的岩石化学成份、矿物成份、岩性以及岩溶发育程度、溶洞规模、溶洞顶板在基岩面下的埋深、岩溶垂向分带和溶洞充填物等与其南侧的大桥和白沙洲碳酸盐岩条带进行对比分析，发现它们之间存在很大的差异。天兴洲碳酸盐岩条带岩溶发育的异常性与襄樊—广济断裂活动有关：晚三叠世—侏罗纪，襄樊-广济断裂发生挤压逆冲推覆活动使上、下碳酸盐岩组出露地表，发生第一期岩溶作用；白垩—古近纪，以襄樊—广济断裂为主体的断裂发生伸展活动，张性断裂和裂隙为基性岩浆喷溢和构造热液活动提供了通道，构造热液白云岩化和硅化作用对天兴洲碳酸盐岩条带的原岩进行改造，形成以白云岩为主、含硅质岩的具弱溶蚀性的岩石组合，同时，由于红层的广泛覆盖，这一时期岩溶作用间断；新近纪—早更新世，武汉地区整体隆升，各碳酸盐岩条带再次出露地表，发生第二期岩溶作用，而天兴洲条带由于岩性发生改变，可溶性减弱，与其它条带相比岩溶作用较弱。
為瞭研究武漢地區中北部緊鄰襄樊—廣濟斷裂的天興洲碳痠鹽巖條帶巖溶髮育的異常特性，將該條帶的巖石化學成份、礦物成份、巖性以及巖溶髮育程度、溶洞規模、溶洞頂闆在基巖麵下的埋深、巖溶垂嚮分帶和溶洞充填物等與其南側的大橋和白沙洲碳痠鹽巖條帶進行對比分析，髮現它們之間存在很大的差異。天興洲碳痠鹽巖條帶巖溶髮育的異常性與襄樊—廣濟斷裂活動有關：晚三疊世—侏囉紀，襄樊-廣濟斷裂髮生擠壓逆遲推覆活動使上、下碳痠鹽巖組齣露地錶，髮生第一期巖溶作用；白堊—古近紀，以襄樊—廣濟斷裂為主體的斷裂髮生伸展活動，張性斷裂和裂隙為基性巖漿噴溢和構造熱液活動提供瞭通道，構造熱液白雲巖化和硅化作用對天興洲碳痠鹽巖條帶的原巖進行改造，形成以白雲巖為主、含硅質巖的具弱溶蝕性的巖石組閤，同時，由于紅層的廣汎覆蓋，這一時期巖溶作用間斷；新近紀—早更新世，武漢地區整體隆升，各碳痠鹽巖條帶再次齣露地錶，髮生第二期巖溶作用，而天興洲條帶由于巖性髮生改變，可溶性減弱，與其它條帶相比巖溶作用較弱。
위료연구무한지구중북부긴린양번—엄제단렬적천흥주탄산염암조대암용발육적이상특성，장해조대적암석화학성빈、광물성빈、암성이급암용발육정도、용동규모、용동정판재기암면하적매심、암용수향분대화용동충전물등여기남측적대교화백사주탄산염암조대진행대비분석，발현타문지간존재흔대적차이。천흥주탄산염암조대암용발육적이상성여양번—엄제단렬활동유관：만삼첩세—주라기，양번-엄제단렬발생제압역충추복활동사상、하탄산염암조출로지표，발생제일기암용작용；백성—고근기，이양번—엄제단렬위주체적단렬발생신전활동，장성단렬화렬극위기성암장분일화구조열액활동제공료통도，구조열액백운암화화규화작용대천흥주탄산염암조대적원암진행개조，형성이백운암위주、함규질암적구약용식성적암석조합，동시，유우홍층적엄범복개，저일시기암용작용간단；신근기—조경신세，무한지구정체륭승，각탄산염암조대재차출로지표，발생제이기암용작용，이천흥주조대유우암성발생개변，가용성감약，여기타조대상비암용작용교약。
This work studied the characteristics of the Tianxingzhou carbonate zone adjacent to the Xiangfan-guangji fault,located at the middle-north Wuhan.A comparison was made to this rock zone and the Daqiao and Baishazhou carbonate zones to the south in some aspects including rock chemical and mineral composi-tion,lithology and the degree of karst development,karst cave scale,burial depth of karst cave roof under bedrock surface,karst vertical zoning and cave fillings.The results show great differences among them.The development of karst in the Tianxinzhou zone was associated with the activity of the Xiangfan-guangji fault. The first karstification of this zone took place during Late Triassic and Jurassic period.In the Cretaceous and Paleogene period,the extension dominated by the Xiangfan-Guangji fault resulted in fractures and cracks, providing channels for the basaltic magma eruption and tectonic hydrothermal activity.Because of wide-spread tectonic hydrothermal dolomitization and silicification,the raw rock of the Tianxingzhou carbonate zone suffered reformation,leading to rock combination dominated by dolomite containing silicite with weak dissolution.At the same time,the karstification interrupted due to the broad coverage of red beds.Neogene and early Pleistocene,the carbonate rock zone once again exposed on the surface,suffered second karstifica-tion.Due to change of lithology and weakened solubility,the karstification of the Tianxingzhou rock zone became diminished compared with other carbonate belts.
