CAJ | 학술논문

目的：了解体力劳动者职业紧张和工作能力状况以及两者之间的相关关系。方法采用分层整群随机抽样的方法，随机抽取900名不同行业的体力劳动者，采用职业紧张量表（OSI-R）和工作能力指数量表（WAI）进行问卷调查。结果不同年龄、工龄、学历和婚姻状况的体力劳动者在 ORQ 得分上差异具有统计学意义（P ＜0．01）；不同年龄、学历的体力劳动者在 PSQ 得分上差异具有统计学意义（P ＜0．05）；不同年龄、工龄、婚姻和收入的体力劳动者在 PRQ 得分上差异有统计学意义（P ＜0．01）；而不同性别、年龄、工龄、婚姻状况和收入的体力劳动者 WAI 得分差异均有统计学意义（P ＜0．01）。不同紧张组工作能力分级差异具有统计学意义（P ＜0．01）。工作能力与职业任务紧张和个体紧张反应均呈负相关（P ＜0．01），而与个体应对资源呈正相关（P ＜0．01）。多元线性回归结果显示体力劳动者工作能力水平的主要影响因素有任务不适、年龄、工作环境、心理紧张反应、自我保健和业务紧张反应（P ＜0．05）。结论职业紧张对体力劳动者工作能力有重要影响，降低体力劳动者紧张水平和增强个体应对能力是提高体力劳动者工作能力的有效措施。
목적：료해체력노동자직업긴장화공작능력상황이급량자지간적상관관계。방법채용분층정군수궤추양적방법，수궤추취900명불동행업적체력노동자，채용직업긴장량표（OSI-R）화공작능력지수량표（WAI）진행문권조사。결과불동년령、공령、학력화혼인상황적체력노동자재 ORQ 득분상차이구유통계학의의（P ＜0．01）；불동년령、학력적체력노동자재 PSQ 득분상차이구유통계학의의（P ＜0．05）；불동년령、공령、혼인화수입적체력노동자재 PRQ 득분상차이유통계학의의（P ＜0．01）；이불동성별、년령、공령、혼인상황화수입적체력노동자 WAI 득분차이균유통계학의의（P ＜0．01）。불동긴장조공작능력분급차이구유통계학의의（P ＜0．01）。공작능력여직업임무긴장화개체긴장반응균정부상관（P ＜0．01），이여개체응대자원정정상관（P ＜0．01）。다원선성회귀결과현시체력노동자공작능력수평적주요영향인소유임무불괄、년령、공작배경、심리긴장반응、자아보건화업무긴장반응（P ＜0．05）。결론직업긴장대체력노동자공작능력유중요영향，강저체력노동자긴장수평화증강개체응대능력시제고체력노동자공작능력적유효조시。
Objective To find out the correlationships between the occupational stress and working ability among manual workers on the basis of the survey on their current situation of their occupational stress and working ability.Methods Questionnaire surveys of Occupational Stress Inventory-Revised (OSI-R)and Work Ability Index (WAI)were conducted on 900 manual workers selected randomly from different in-dustries by means of the cluster stratified random sampling.Results There were statistically significant differences in ORQ scores in age,length of service,education and marital status (P <0.01).There were also statistically significant differences in PSQ scores in age and degree among manual workers′(P <0.05).The statistical significance was found in PRQ scores in age,length of service,marriage and income of laborers (P <0.01).While statistical significance of difference in WAI score was found in different gen-der,age,length of service,marital status and income (P < 0.01 ).There was statistically significant difference in tension group working ability grading (P <0.01).The working ability was negatively correla-ted with the occupation task tension and the individual stress response (P <0.01),while it was positively correlated with the coping resources (P <0.01).The resullt of multiple linear regression revealed that the main influence factors of physical working ability level included the task of discomfort,age,work environ-ment,psychological stress reaction,self health care,and business strain (P <0.05).Conclusion This survey indicated a significant influence of the occupational stress on manual workers′working ability and it′s suggested to improve their working ability by reducing the occupational stress and enhancing the coping capacity.