CAJ | 학술논문

在十八世纪关于古今之变的大讨论中，古代共和国公民德行与淳朴的道德风俗成为政治思想家借古讽今的对象。卢梭从人性论上说明这种德行的强大自然基础，以批判现代政治治理仅仅聚焦暴力和利益的作法。自然状态是卢梭虚构以分析事物性质的哲学方法，包含了对两性关系进行的规范引导。在自然状态中，两性都是受自然律支配靠本能生存的野蛮人。在向社会状态过渡过程中，家庭和性别的劳动分工出现，两性出现自然不平等基础上的分工合作。从野蛮人到家庭角色，从情欲到道德情感，人类逐渐实现了有道德追求的社会生活。卢梭对于两性性激情与家庭情感的规制理论为现代政治治理提供了启示。
재십팔세기관우고금지변적대토론중，고대공화국공민덕행여순박적도덕풍속성위정치사상가차고풍금적대상。로사종인성론상설명저충덕행적강대자연기출，이비판현대정치치리부부취초폭력화이익적작법。자연상태시로사허구이분석사물성질적철학방법，포함료대량성관계진행적규범인도。재자연상태중，량성도시수자연률지배고본능생존적야만인。재향사회상태과도과정중，가정화성별적노동분공출현，량성출현자연불평등기출상적분공합작。종야만인도가정각색，종정욕도도덕정감，인류축점실현료유도덕추구적사회생활。로사대우량성성격정여가정정감적규제이론위현대정치치리제공료계시。
During the discussion on the ancient and modern changes in eighteen-century, political theorist derided the contemporary by quoting from history, especially republican civic virtue and moral customs. Rousseau explored the powerful natural basis of civic virtue in human nature. And he criticized that modern political governance used the tool of violence and benefited to manipulate people .There is a normative comparison between Rousseau’s natural state and social state. The theory of natural state as a philosophical method to analyze the nature of social arrangement, can provide gender relationship with normative guidance. In pure natural state, both sexes are savages regulated by animal spirit according to natural law.Because of material improvement, there are divisions of labor according to different gender and family. From savages to family roles, from sexual passions to moral sentiment, human gradually realized the moral pursuit of social life. Rousseau’s theory of gender relationship and family emotion provides an enlightenment for modern political governance.