CAJ | 학술논문

【目的】探讨先天性近视儿童的屈光参数变化规律及与近视度数的相关性。【方法】收集3～10岁屈光度为－2．0～－14．5D，平均（－7．3±2．9）D的先天性近视儿童40例73只眼。按照近视等效球镜度数（SE）分为四组：－2．0～－3．0D、－3．25～－6．0D、－6．25～－9．0D、－9．25～－14．5D分别为低度（4眼）、中度（20眼）、高度（36眼）、超高度近视（13眼）组。睫状肌麻痹后用 A超测量前房深度（ACD ）、晶体厚度（LT）和眼轴长度（AL）；角膜曲率计测量角膜前表面曲率（AC）。【结果】患儿 ACD、LT、AL 和 AC分别为（2．60±0．52）mm、（4．21±0．44）mm、（25．28±1．22） mm、（44．22±1．36）D。SE与AL呈正相关；AL与SE、ACD呈正相关，与L T、AC呈负相关。散光度数（AD ）、ACD 和 L T 四组之间相比较差异无显著性（ P ＞0．05）；SE、AC和AL在四组之间比较差异有显著性（ P ＜0．05），近视度数越大，眼轴越长。随近视度数的增大，四组的 LT／AL和ACD＋ LT／AL变小，AL／CR变大（ P ＜ 0．05），AC和 LT 与 AL 比值呈反向变化。LT／AL ，ACD＋LT／AL与近视度数呈负相关（ P ＜0．05），AL／CR与近视度数呈正相关。【结论】先天性近视儿童，眼球提前发育，眼轴延长，近视度数主要取决于眼轴长度。各组患者的 AC和 AL存在明显差异；AC、LT与AL的比值变化趋势不同，各屈光因素在先天性近视儿童的发育过程中起一定补偿作用。
【목적】탐토선천성근시인동적굴광삼수변화규률급여근시도수적상관성。【방법】수집3～10세굴광도위－2．0～－14．5D，평균（－7．3±2．9）D적선천성근시인동40례73지안。안조근시등효구경도수（SE）분위사조：－2．0～－3．0D、－3．25～－6．0D、－6．25～－9．0D、－9．25～－14．5D분별위저도（4안）、중도（20안）、고도（36안）、초고도근시（13안）조。첩상기마비후용 A초측량전방심도（ACD ）、정체후도（LT）화안축장도（AL）；각막곡솔계측량각막전표면곡솔（AC）。【결과】환인 ACD、LT、AL 화 AC분별위（2．60±0．52）mm、（4．21±0．44）mm、（25．28±1．22） mm、（44．22±1．36）D。SE여AL정정상관；AL여SE、ACD정정상관，여L T、AC정부상관。산광도수（AD ）、ACD 화 L T 사조지간상비교차이무현저성（ P ＞0．05）；SE、AC화AL재사조지간비교차이유현저성（ P ＜0．05），근시도수월대，안축월장。수근시도수적증대，사조적 LT／AL화ACD＋ LT／AL변소，AL／CR변대（ P ＜ 0．05），AC화 LT 여 AL 비치정반향변화。LT／AL ，ACD＋LT／AL여근시도수정부상관（ P ＜0．05），AL／CR여근시도수정정상관。【결론】선천성근시인동，안구제전발육，안축연장，근시도수주요취결우안축장도。각조환자적 AC화 AL존재명현차이；AC、LT여AL적비치변화추세불동，각굴광인소재선천성근시인동적발육과정중기일정보상작용。
[Objective] To retrospectively analyze the change patterns of refractive parameters for congeni‐tal myopic children and examine its correlation with myopic diopter .[Methods] A total of 40 (73 eyes) pa‐tients aged 3-10 years with a mean refractive power of -7 .3 ± 2 .9 diopter were examined .Four groups were assigned according to myopic spherical equivalent (SE):low myopic group (-2 .0D~ -3 .0D ,4 eyes) ,mod‐erate myopic group (-3 .25D~ -6 .0D ,20 eyes) ,high myopic group (-6 .25~ -9 .0D ,36 eyes) and super‐high myopic group (-9 .25D~ -14 .0D ,13 eyes) .The parameters of anterior chamber depth (ACD) ,lens thickness (LT) and axial length (AL) were measured with A‐scan ultrasonography under cycloplegic .And an‐terior corneal curvature (AC) and radius of curvature (CR) were measured with keratometer .[Results] The results of ACD ,LT ,AL and AC were 2 .60 ± 0 .52 mm ,4 .21 ± 0 .44 mm ,25 .28 ± 1 .22 mm and 44 .22 ± 1 .36 D respectively .SE had an inverse correlation with AL .And AL showed a positive correlation with SE and ACD ,but a negative correlation with LT and AC .No significant differences existed in astigmatism diopter (AD) ,ACD or LT ( P >0 .05) ,but significant differences existed in SE ,AC and AL between four groups ( P <0 .05) .The higher SE ,the longer AL .With rising SE ,LT/AL and (ACD+LT)/AL declined while AL/CR increased ( P<0 .05) .The ratios of AL/AC and LT/AL changed conversely .LT/AL ,(ACD+LT)/AL and myopic diopter were negatively correlated ( P <0 .05) .And AL/CR and myopic diopter were positively correlated ( P<0 .05) .[Conclusion] The eyeball of congenital myopic children grows prematurely and AL ex‐tends .And myopic diopter is mainly dependent upon axial length .AC and AL are significantly different for each group .The ratio trends of AL/AC and LT/AL are different .The refractive parameters play some com‐pensatory roles during development in congenital myopic children .