CAJ | 학술논문

通过对华北克拉通南缘大量的岩浆岩和矿床研究表明，矿床的形成与燕山期岩浆岩具有非常密切的关系，豫西矿集区是华北克拉通南缘岩石圈剧烈演化的结果。岩石圈的这种剧烈演化是在两件重大地质事件的共同作用下进行的：一方面，扬子板块与华北板块在印支期拼合，并发生了广泛的陆-陆碰撞造山活动，此后，克拉通边缘转入了后造山演化阶段；另一方面，燕山晚期的J-K之交，太平洋板块向欧亚板块俯冲，导致地幔大规模活动。中国东部大规模的地壳减薄和壳幔作用，使本来就处于造山后演化阶段的华北陆块南缘发生了广泛的岩浆活动。正因为这两大地质作用叠加效应，区域岩浆演化剧烈而复杂，大批重融花岗岩的地球化学特征往往既显示造山带的特点，又具有大规模壳幔作用的特征。这两大地质作用为豫西矿集区的形成提供了良好的成矿地质背景，大量的研究表明，各种矿床与燕山期岩浆岩在形成时间上高度吻合，空间上密切相关，同位素指标极为相近，显示它们在成因上的密切关系。岩浆一方面作为深部赋矿流体的上升通道，另一方面提供持续的高温环境，保证了元素迁移和成矿作用的进行。因此，华北克拉通南缘后大陆碰撞背景下的壳幔演化、大规模岩浆活动是豫西矿集区形成的决定性因素。
통과대화북극랍통남연대량적암장암화광상연구표명，광상적형성여연산기암장암구유비상밀절적관계，예서광집구시화북극랍통남연암석권극렬연화적결과。암석권적저충극렬연화시재량건중대지질사건적공동작용하진행적：일방면，양자판괴여화북판괴재인지기병합，병발생료엄범적륙-륙팽당조산활동，차후，극랍통변연전입료후조산연화계단；령일방면，연산만기적J-K지교，태평양판괴향구아판괴부충，도치지만대규모활동。중국동부대규모적지각감박화각만작용，사본래취처우조산후연화계단적화북륙괴남연발생료엄범적암장활동。정인위저량대지질작용첩가효응，구역암장연화극렬이복잡，대비중융화강암적지구화학특정왕왕기현시조산대적특점，우구유대규모각만작용적특정。저량대지질작용위예서광집구적형성제공료량호적성광지질배경，대량적연구표명，각충광상여연산기암장암재형성시간상고도문합，공간상밀절상관，동위소지표겁위상근，현시타문재성인상적밀절관계。암장일방면작위심부부광류체적상승통도，령일방면제공지속적고온배경，보증료원소천이화성광작용적진행。인차，화북극랍통남연후대륙팽당배경하적각만연화、대규모암장활동시예서광집구형성적결정성인소。
Many studies show that the ore mineralization in the southern margin of the North China Craton is closely associated with the Yanshanian magmatism. After the collision and amalgamation between the Yangtze Block and the North China Craton in Late Triassic, the southern margin of the North China Craton evolved into post-collisional regime in Jurassic to Cretaceous. On the other hand, the subduction of the Pacific Plate in Jurassic to Cretaceous may also have affected the East Qinling orogen, the western Henan province in particular. The resulted lithosphere thinning in the eastern North China Craton is coincident with the extensive magmatism in the East Qinling orogen. The Yanshanian granites in the study area were likely derived from remelting of the thickened lower crust with input of juvenile mantle. It is evidenced that the granites are the decisive factor controlling the ore mineralization. We argue that the pooling and ascending of the granitic magmas might have also created the channel ways for the uprising ore fluids; moreover, the granitic intrusions may provide heat which is very important for the convection of hydrothermal fluids.