CAJ | 학술논문

为探明由不同树种组成的森林对土壤肥力的影响机制，采集湘中丘陵区地域相邻、立地条件一致、年龄相近的马尾松+石栎针阔混交林、南酸枣落叶阔叶林、石栎+青冈常绿阔叶林和杉木人工林土壤（0～15、15～30 cm）进行理化性质测定。结果表明：杉木人工林两土层的容重均高于3种次生林，4种森林土壤具有南方丘陵区红壤典型质地粘重特征，均为粘壤土，但4种森林类型土壤各粒级颗粒百分含量存在一定的差异；各土层含水率的变化趋势基本一致，均表现为杉木人工林最高，其次是南酸枣落叶阔叶林和石栎+青冈常绿阔叶林，马尾松+石栎针阔混交林最低；4种森林土壤全N、全P、全K、水解N、有效P、速效K平均含量均表现为0～15 cm土层高于15～30 cm土层，不同森林类型土壤养分含量及其供N、P、K强度均有明显的差异，杉木人工林土壤养分含量普遍低于3种次生林，但供N、P、K强度高于3种次生林，表明不同森林在土壤养分的积累、贮存和转化等方面差异显著。
위탐명유불동수충조성적삼림대토양비력적영향궤제，채집상중구릉구지역상린、입지조건일치、년령상근적마미송+석력침활혼교림、남산조락협활협림、석력+청강상록활협림화삼목인공림토양（0～15、15～30 cm）진행이화성질측정。결과표명：삼목인공림량토층적용중균고우3충차생림，4충삼림토양구유남방구릉구홍양전형질지점중특정，균위점양토，단4충삼림류형토양각립급과립백분함량존재일정적차이；각토층함수솔적변화추세기본일치，균표현위삼목인공림최고，기차시남산조락협활협림화석력+청강상록활협림，마미송+석력침활혼교림최저；4충삼림토양전N、전P、전K、수해N、유효P、속효K평균함량균표현위0～15 cm토층고우15～30 cm토층，불동삼림류형토양양분함량급기공N、P、K강도균유명현적차이，삼목인공림토양양분함량보편저우3충차생림，단공N、P、K강도고우3충차생림，표명불동삼림재토양양분적적루、저존화전화등방면차이현저。
In order to expiscate effect mechanisms of forest made up of different tree species on soil fertility, the soil samples of Pinus massoniana+Lithocarpus glaber mixed forest, Choerospondias axillaries deciduous broad leaved forest, L.glaber+Cyclobalanopsis glauca evergreen broad-leaved forest) and Cunninghamia lanceolata plantation forest in middle hilly region of Hunan province in 0~15 cm soil layer than in 15 ~ 30 cm soil layer were collected, which were similar in tree species geographical neighbor, site conditions and tree-age, and the soils’ physical and chemical properties were determined. The results show that the bulk density in different soil layers were higher in C. lanceolata plantation than in the other three secondary forests, the sample soils under the four kinds of forests were clay loam and had typical features of clayey texture in south red soil hilly region, but the percentages of different particle size distribution were different in different forest type soils, and the variation trend of water contents were similar in different soil layers and in the order as follow:C. lanceolata plantation>C. axillaries deciduous broad leaved forest>L. glaber+C. glauca evergreen broad-leaved forest>P. massoniana+L. glaber mixed forest. The average contents of total nitrogen, total phosphorus, total potassium, alkali-hydrolyzable nitrogen, available phosphorus and available potassium were higher in 0 ~ 15 cm soil layer than in 15 ~ 30 cm soil layers, the soil nutrient content and the supply intensity of nitrogen, phosphorus, and potassium were obvious different in four forest types, the soil nutrient content in C. lanceolata plantation were lower than in the other secondary forests, but the supply intensity of nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium were higher than in the other secondary forests. The ifndings show that the soil nutrient accumulation, storage and conversion had signiifcant differences in different forest type soils.