CAJ | 학술논문

为探究不同N、P、K水平施肥处理对优良景观树种美国红枫幼苗生长及叶色变化的影响，选取1年生改良美国红枫Acer×freemanii‘Autumn Blaze’扦插苗为试验材料，采用盆栽实验方法，设3种不同N、P、K施肥配比（N、P、K比例为1∶1∶1、3∶1∶2、3∶2∶1），每种配比设3水平施肥量（15、30、45 g/pot），共9组施肥处理。研究结果表明：在各施肥处理下，美国红枫幼苗生长及叶色变化状况均优于空白对照组，说明配比施肥对美国红枫幼苗生长及叶色变化有促进作用；在促进幼苗生长方面，以处理9（N、P、K比例为3∶2∶1，45 g/pot）植株长势最盛，株高、地径、干质量分别高达83.34 cm、11.39 mm、41.68 g，为最优处理；在叶色变化的影响方面，处理3（N、P、K比例为1∶1∶1，45 g/pot）的植株叶片中花色素苷相对含量与总叶绿素比值均为最大值，分别为3.74 g/pot和278.69，叶片呈鲜红色，观赏性最强，但变色较晚；结合生物学观察， N、P、K比例为3∶1∶2施肥处理的植株，其叶片变色最早，在延长美国红枫幼苗变色期方面为最优施肥配比。
위탐구불동N、P、K수평시비처리대우량경관수충미국홍풍유묘생장급협색변화적영향，선취1년생개량미국홍풍Acer×freemanii‘Autumn Blaze’천삽묘위시험재료，채용분재실험방법，설3충불동N、P、K시비배비（N、P、K비례위1∶1∶1、3∶1∶2、3∶2∶1），매충배비설3수평시비량（15、30、45 g/pot），공9조시비처리。연구결과표명：재각시비처리하，미국홍풍유묘생장급협색변화상황균우우공백대조조，설명배비시비대미국홍풍유묘생장급협색변화유촉진작용；재촉진유묘생장방면，이처리9（N、P、K비례위3∶2∶1，45 g/pot）식주장세최성，주고、지경、간질량분별고체83.34 cm、11.39 mm、41.68 g，위최우처리；재협색변화적영향방면，처리3（N、P、K비례위1∶1∶1，45 g/pot）적식주협편중화색소감상대함량여총협록소비치균위최대치，분별위3.74 g/pot화278.69，협편정선홍색，관상성최강，단변색교만；결합생물학관찰， N、P、K비례위3∶1∶2시비처리적식주，기협편변색최조，재연장미국홍풍유묘변색기방면위최우시비배비。
In order to study the effects of different N, P, K levels on seedling growth and leaves color change of American maple, as an excel ent ornamental tree, one-year-old American maple improved (Acer × freemani ‘Autumn Blaze’) cut ing seedlings were chosen as the tested materials, the pot ed experiments were carried out, by set ing three different N, P, K fertilizer ratios (N︰P︰K=1︰1︰1, 3︰1︰2, 3︰2︰1), each ratio was set three levels of fertilization amount (15, 30, 45 g/pot), a total of 9 groups fertilization treatments were conducted. The results show that the seedling growth and leaves color change of American maple in all fertilizer treatment groups were better than those of the control group, this shows that the ratio of fertilization promoting action on American maple seedling growth and leaves color change;In aspect of promoting seedling growth, T9 (N︰P︰K=3︰2︰1, 45 g/pot) as the most excellent treatment, the average plant height, average ground diameter, average dry weight reached 83.34 cm, 11.39 mm, 41.68 g, respectively, so the T9 was the best treatment;In terms of impact on leaf color change, the relative content of anthocyanin (3.74 g/pot) and the ratio of anthocyanin content to total chlorophyll (278.69) in the maple leaves treated with T3 (N︰P︰K=1︰1︰1, 45 g/pot) both reached maximum, therefore the ornamental value was the best, but 1eaf color turned red too late;Combining biological observation, it was found that as, the tree treated with fertilization ratio of N︰P︰K=3︰2︰1, its 1eaf color turned red earliest, so the ratio was the optimal ratio in extending discoloration period of American maple seedlings.