山西大同大学学报(社会科学版)
山西大同大學學報(社會科學版)
산서대동대학학보(사회과학판)
JOURNAL OF SHANXI DATONG UNIVERSITY(SOCIAL SCIENCE)
2015年
2期
31-35
,共5页
明清%民族乐器%弦鸣乐器%体鸣乐器%膜鸣乐器%气鸣乐器%发音原理%形制
明清%民族樂器%絃鳴樂器%體鳴樂器%膜鳴樂器%氣鳴樂器%髮音原理%形製
명청%민족악기%현명악기%체명악기%막명악기%기명악기%발음원리%형제
Ming and Qing Dynasties%folk musical instrument%chordophone%idiophone%membranophone%aerophone%principle of sound%shape and structure
明清时期,随着社会政治、经济、文化、生活的稳定繁荣,我国民间音乐得以进一步发展。多元化的艺术形式,促使了我国明清民族乐器的快速发展和形成。伴随着我国民族乐器品种的不断增多,中国传统乐器的“八音”分类法早已名不符实。20世纪20年代,奥地利乐器学家杭博斯特尔和德国音乐家萨赫斯根据乐器发音原理和方法,创立了现代乐器分类法,将乐器分为四大类:弦鸣乐器、体鸣乐器、膜鸣乐器和气鸣乐器。我国也采用了这种乐器分类法。文章通过对明清弦鸣、体鸣、膜鸣、气鸣等四大类民族乐器的发音原理、形制、制作材料等方面的分析研究,阐述了明清乐器的发展。
明清時期,隨著社會政治、經濟、文化、生活的穩定繁榮,我國民間音樂得以進一步髮展。多元化的藝術形式,促使瞭我國明清民族樂器的快速髮展和形成。伴隨著我國民族樂器品種的不斷增多,中國傳統樂器的“八音”分類法早已名不符實。20世紀20年代,奧地利樂器學傢杭博斯特爾和德國音樂傢薩赫斯根據樂器髮音原理和方法,創立瞭現代樂器分類法,將樂器分為四大類:絃鳴樂器、體鳴樂器、膜鳴樂器和氣鳴樂器。我國也採用瞭這種樂器分類法。文章通過對明清絃鳴、體鳴、膜鳴、氣鳴等四大類民族樂器的髮音原理、形製、製作材料等方麵的分析研究,闡述瞭明清樂器的髮展。
명청시기,수착사회정치、경제、문화、생활적은정번영,아국민간음악득이진일보발전。다원화적예술형식,촉사료아국명청민족악기적쾌속발전화형성。반수착아국민족악기품충적불단증다,중국전통악기적“팔음”분류법조이명불부실。20세기20년대,오지리악기학가항박사특이화덕국음악가살혁사근거악기발음원리화방법,창립료현대악기분류법,장악기분위사대류:현명악기、체명악기、막명악기화기명악기。아국야채용료저충악기분류법。문장통과대명청현명、체명、막명、기명등사대류민족악기적발음원리、형제、제작재료등방면적분석연구,천술료명청악기적발전。
In Ming and Qing dynasties, as the society, economy, culture and life thrived, the folk music of China had further developed. Diverse art forms promoted the rapid development and formation of folk musical instruments. With the increasing number of types of folk musical instruments, "Eight Type Classification" of traditional musical instruments was not used any more. In 1920s, according to the principle and method of sound, Austria instrumentalist Hon Bostle and German musician Sachs created modern classification of instruments. The instruments are classified into four types: chordophone, idiophone, membranophone and aerophone. This classification was also used in China. This paper, by analysing the principle of sound, shape and structure and materials of the fore types of folk musical instruments in Ming and Qing dynasties, elaborated the development of musical instruments at that time.