CAJ | 학술논문

目的：探讨医院病原菌的分布及耐药性，为临床合理使用抗菌药物提供依据。方法用Whonet 5．4软件对2013年1—12月临床分离菌株的药敏结果进行统计分析。结果临床共分离非重复菌株2506株，其中革兰阴性菌占60．9％；常见的病原菌为：大肠埃希菌、凝固酶阴性葡萄球菌、肺炎克雷伯菌、铜绿假单胞菌、金黄色葡萄球菌、鲍曼不动杆菌、粪肠球菌和奇异变形杆菌，病原菌主要来源于痰标本。发现对亚胺培南耐药的肺炎克雷伯菌4株。大肠埃希菌的超广谱β-内酰胺酶（ ESBLs）阳性率为55．0％；头胞替坦和哌拉西林／他唑巴坦的耐药率在大肠埃希菌的ESBLs阳性菌株与阴性菌株中的差异无统计学意义（ P＞0．05）。结论2013年本院分离的病原菌以革兰阴性菌为主，临床分离的病原菌对常用的抗菌药物呈现不同的耐药性，应根据药敏试验结果合理选用抗菌药物。
목적：탐토의원병원균적분포급내약성，위림상합리사용항균약물제공의거。방법용Whonet 5．4연건대2013년1—12월림상분리균주적약민결과진행통계분석。결과림상공분리비중복균주2506주，기중혁란음성균점60．9％；상견적병원균위：대장애희균、응고매음성포도구균、폐염극뢰백균、동록가단포균、금황색포도구균、포만불동간균、분장구균화기이변형간균，병원균주요래원우담표본。발현대아알배남내약적폐염극뢰백균4주。대장애희균적초엄보β-내선알매（ ESBLs）양성솔위55．0％；두포체탄화고랍서림／타서파탄적내약솔재대장애희균적ESBLs양성균주여음성균주중적차이무통계학의의（ P＞0．05）。결론2013년본원분리적병원균이혁란음성균위주，림상분리적병원균대상용적항균약물정현불동적내약성，응근거약민시험결과합리선용항균약물。
Objective We aimed to investigate the distribution and drug resistance of pathogenic bacteria and provide a theoretical basis for rational use of antibiotics.Methods The statistical analysis results of drug sensitivity was work out by using Whonet5.4 software.The datas from January 2013 to December 2013 were enrolled in the analysis.Results Totally 2506 Non-repeating stains were isolated, in which the Gram-negative bacteria contribute 60.9%.Familiar pathogenic bacteria including E.coli and coagulase negative Staphylococcus and K.pneumonia and P.aeruginosa and S.aureus and A.baumannii and E.faecalis and P.mirabilis. Pathogenic bacteria mainly isolated from sputum samples.Four strains of K.pneumoniae which resistant to Imipenem were isolated.The prevalence rate of extended spectrumβ-lactamase( ESBLs) in E.coli was 55.0%. The differences in resistance rate of E.coli on cefotetan and Piperacillin/tazobactam in ESBLs-positive group and ESBLs-negative group were not statistically significant (P>0.05).Conclusions The gram-negative bacilli were the predominant pathogens in our hospital during the year 2013.The drug resistances of pathogenic bacteria to common antibiotics are different.It is very importance to choose antibiotics based on susceptibility test results.