中华眼科医学杂志(电子版)
中華眼科醫學雜誌(電子版)
중화안과의학잡지(전자판)
CHINESE JOURNAL OF OPHTHALMOLOGIC MEDICINE(ELECTRONIC EDITION)
2015年
2期
72-76
,共5页
阙丽娟%李萌萌%张晓峰%杨牧%王英明%孙正太
闕麗娟%李萌萌%張曉峰%楊牧%王英明%孫正太
궐려연%리맹맹%장효봉%양목%왕영명%손정태
圆锥角膜%临床特征%角膜地形图
圓錐角膜%臨床特徵%角膜地形圖
원추각막%림상특정%각막지형도
Keratoconus%Clinical features%Corneal topography
目的:探讨苏州地区圆锥角膜患者的临床特征。方法收集2006年1月至2013年12月就诊于苏州大学附属第一医院角膜眼表疾病门诊的125例(225只眼)圆锥角膜患者的临床资料,进行回顾性分析。记录患者的发病年龄、确诊年龄、家族史、遗传疾病史、屈光状态及角膜地形图变化特征等情况。不同角膜地形图病变形态的圆锥角膜按照可疑、轻度、中度和重度分为4个等级,以眼数和百分比的形式表示,并采用Kruskal-Wallis H秩和检验的方法进行比较。结果患者出现近视眼的年龄范围为5~41岁,平均(17.8±3.7)岁;其中11~30岁出现近视眼的患者73例(140只眼),占91.25%。所有患者的确诊年龄为6~50岁,平均(24.3±4.4)岁;其中11~30岁确诊的患者101例(183只眼),占80.80%。因配戴框架眼镜视力仍不能矫正至正常而就诊的患者共69例(124只眼),占55.20%;因初诊验光散光度数较大或复诊验光散光度数增加较明显而就诊的患者共38例(68只眼),占30.40%;因近视眼度数增长过快而就诊的患者共12例(22只眼),占9.60%;因角膜屈光手术前检查发现异常而就诊的患者共6例(11只眼),占4.80%。所有圆锥角膜患者中双眼发病者100例(200只眼),占80.00%,单眼发病者25例(25只眼),占20.00%。所有患者中有角膜变薄、前突者50例(96只眼),占42.67%;Kayser-Fleischer环患者32例(58只眼),占25.78%;Vogt条纹眼患者20例(30只眼),占13.33%;Munson征患者10例(12只眼),占5.33%。圆锥角膜分型:可疑圆锥角膜37例(45只眼),占20.00%;轻度圆锥角膜62例(92只眼),占40.89%;中度圆锥角膜者42例(63只眼),占28.00%;重度圆锥角膜者25例(25只眼),占11.11%。圆锥角膜角膜地形图病变形态:(1)蝶形:共60例(99只眼),占44.00%。其中对称蝶形患者10例(17只眼),占7.56%;不对称蝶形患者50例(82只眼),36.44%;(2)非蝶形:共101例(126只眼),占56.00%。其中乳头形患者41例(50只眼),占22.22%;卵圆形患者27例(41只眼),占18.22%;球形患者17例(19只眼),占8.44%;不规则形患者16例(16只眼),占7.11%。可疑圆锥角膜患者中对称蝶形病变者8例(10只眼),占22.22%;非对称蝶形病变者27例(33只眼),占73.33%;乳头形病变者2例(2只眼),占4.44%。轻度圆锥角膜患者中对称蝶形病变者5例(7只眼),占7.61%;非对称蝶形病变者32例(48只眼),占52.17%;乳头形病变者25例(37只眼),占40.22%。中度圆锥角膜患者中非对称蝶形病变者1例(1只眼),占1.59%;乳头形病变者7例(11只眼),占17.46%;卵圆形病变者27例(41只眼),占65.08%;球形病变者7例(10只眼),占15.87%。重度圆锥角膜患者中球形病变者9例(9只眼),占36.00%;不规则形病变者16例(16只眼),占64.00%。不同分型的圆锥角膜患者的角膜地形图病变形态比较,差异有统计学意义(F=192.06,P<0.05)。本研究未发现有圆锥角膜家族史的患者,也未发现有全身遗传病史的患者。结论苏州地区圆锥角膜患者多见于20岁左右的男性,大多数为双眼发病,角膜地形图检查可对圆锥角膜进行早期诊断。
目的:探討囌州地區圓錐角膜患者的臨床特徵。方法收集2006年1月至2013年12月就診于囌州大學附屬第一醫院角膜眼錶疾病門診的125例(225隻眼)圓錐角膜患者的臨床資料,進行迴顧性分析。記錄患者的髮病年齡、確診年齡、傢族史、遺傳疾病史、屈光狀態及角膜地形圖變化特徵等情況。不同角膜地形圖病變形態的圓錐角膜按照可疑、輕度、中度和重度分為4箇等級,以眼數和百分比的形式錶示,併採用Kruskal-Wallis H秩和檢驗的方法進行比較。結果患者齣現近視眼的年齡範圍為5~41歲,平均(17.8±3.7)歲;其中11~30歲齣現近視眼的患者73例(140隻眼),佔91.25%。所有患者的確診年齡為6~50歲,平均(24.3±4.4)歲;其中11~30歲確診的患者101例(183隻眼),佔80.80%。因配戴框架眼鏡視力仍不能矯正至正常而就診的患者共69例(124隻眼),佔55.20%;因初診驗光散光度數較大或複診驗光散光度數增加較明顯而就診的患者共38例(68隻眼),佔30.40%;因近視眼度數增長過快而就診的患者共12例(22隻眼),佔9.60%;因角膜屈光手術前檢查髮現異常而就診的患者共6例(11隻眼),佔4.80%。所有圓錐角膜患者中雙眼髮病者100例(200隻眼),佔80.00%,單眼髮病者25例(25隻眼),佔20.00%。所有患者中有角膜變薄、前突者50例(96隻眼),佔42.67%;Kayser-Fleischer環患者32例(58隻眼),佔25.78%;Vogt條紋眼患者20例(30隻眼),佔13.33%;Munson徵患者10例(12隻眼),佔5.33%。圓錐角膜分型:可疑圓錐角膜37例(45隻眼),佔20.00%;輕度圓錐角膜62例(92隻眼),佔40.89%;中度圓錐角膜者42例(63隻眼),佔28.00%;重度圓錐角膜者25例(25隻眼),佔11.11%。圓錐角膜角膜地形圖病變形態:(1)蝶形:共60例(99隻眼),佔44.00%。其中對稱蝶形患者10例(17隻眼),佔7.56%;不對稱蝶形患者50例(82隻眼),36.44%;(2)非蝶形:共101例(126隻眼),佔56.00%。其中乳頭形患者41例(50隻眼),佔22.22%;卵圓形患者27例(41隻眼),佔18.22%;毬形患者17例(19隻眼),佔8.44%;不規則形患者16例(16隻眼),佔7.11%。可疑圓錐角膜患者中對稱蝶形病變者8例(10隻眼),佔22.22%;非對稱蝶形病變者27例(33隻眼),佔73.33%;乳頭形病變者2例(2隻眼),佔4.44%。輕度圓錐角膜患者中對稱蝶形病變者5例(7隻眼),佔7.61%;非對稱蝶形病變者32例(48隻眼),佔52.17%;乳頭形病變者25例(37隻眼),佔40.22%。中度圓錐角膜患者中非對稱蝶形病變者1例(1隻眼),佔1.59%;乳頭形病變者7例(11隻眼),佔17.46%;卵圓形病變者27例(41隻眼),佔65.08%;毬形病變者7例(10隻眼),佔15.87%。重度圓錐角膜患者中毬形病變者9例(9隻眼),佔36.00%;不規則形病變者16例(16隻眼),佔64.00%。不同分型的圓錐角膜患者的角膜地形圖病變形態比較,差異有統計學意義(F=192.06,P<0.05)。本研究未髮現有圓錐角膜傢族史的患者,也未髮現有全身遺傳病史的患者。結論囌州地區圓錐角膜患者多見于20歲左右的男性,大多數為雙眼髮病,角膜地形圖檢查可對圓錐角膜進行早期診斷。
목적:탐토소주지구원추각막환자적림상특정。방법수집2006년1월지2013년12월취진우소주대학부속제일의원각막안표질병문진적125례(225지안)원추각막환자적림상자료,진행회고성분석。기록환자적발병년령、학진년령、가족사、유전질병사、굴광상태급각막지형도변화특정등정황。불동각막지형도병변형태적원추각막안조가의、경도、중도화중도분위4개등급,이안수화백분비적형식표시,병채용Kruskal-Wallis H질화검험적방법진행비교。결과환자출현근시안적년령범위위5~41세,평균(17.8±3.7)세;기중11~30세출현근시안적환자73례(140지안),점91.25%。소유환자적학진년령위6~50세,평균(24.3±4.4)세;기중11~30세학진적환자101례(183지안),점80.80%。인배대광가안경시력잉불능교정지정상이취진적환자공69례(124지안),점55.20%;인초진험광산광도수교대혹복진험광산광도수증가교명현이취진적환자공38례(68지안),점30.40%;인근시안도수증장과쾌이취진적환자공12례(22지안),점9.60%;인각막굴광수술전검사발현이상이취진적환자공6례(11지안),점4.80%。소유원추각막환자중쌍안발병자100례(200지안),점80.00%,단안발병자25례(25지안),점20.00%。소유환자중유각막변박、전돌자50례(96지안),점42.67%;Kayser-Fleischer배환자32례(58지안),점25.78%;Vogt조문안환자20례(30지안),점13.33%;Munson정환자10례(12지안),점5.33%。원추각막분형:가의원추각막37례(45지안),점20.00%;경도원추각막62례(92지안),점40.89%;중도원추각막자42례(63지안),점28.00%;중도원추각막자25례(25지안),점11.11%。원추각막각막지형도병변형태:(1)접형:공60례(99지안),점44.00%。기중대칭접형환자10례(17지안),점7.56%;불대칭접형환자50례(82지안),36.44%;(2)비접형:공101례(126지안),점56.00%。기중유두형환자41례(50지안),점22.22%;란원형환자27례(41지안),점18.22%;구형환자17례(19지안),점8.44%;불규칙형환자16례(16지안),점7.11%。가의원추각막환자중대칭접형병변자8례(10지안),점22.22%;비대칭접형병변자27례(33지안),점73.33%;유두형병변자2례(2지안),점4.44%。경도원추각막환자중대칭접형병변자5례(7지안),점7.61%;비대칭접형병변자32례(48지안),점52.17%;유두형병변자25례(37지안),점40.22%。중도원추각막환자중비대칭접형병변자1례(1지안),점1.59%;유두형병변자7례(11지안),점17.46%;란원형병변자27례(41지안),점65.08%;구형병변자7례(10지안),점15.87%。중도원추각막환자중구형병변자9례(9지안),점36.00%;불규칙형병변자16례(16지안),점64.00%。불동분형적원추각막환자적각막지형도병변형태비교,차이유통계학의의(F=192.06,P<0.05)。본연구미발현유원추각막가족사적환자,야미발현유전신유전병사적환자。결론소주지구원추각막환자다견우20세좌우적남성,대다수위쌍안발병,각막지형도검사가대원추각막진행조기진단。
Objective To characterize the clinical features of keratoconus in Suzhou. Methods Medical records of keratoconus patients who visited our department between January,2006 and December,2013 were reviewed.Data on ages of the disease onset and first diagnosis,family history,systemic genetic disease,refractive status and topographic characteristics of the cornea were extracted and analyzed. Results A total of 125 cases (225 eyes) met our inclusion criteria and were included in this retrospective study.The gender ratio was 2.57:1.Keratoconus was diagnosed in both eyes in 100(80%) cases and in one eye in 25(20%) cases.The average disease onset age in 80 patients was (17.8±3.7) range from 5 to 41 years.The average age at which Keratoconus was first diagnosed in 125 patients was (24.3±4.4) range from 6 to 50 years.Based on the corneal topographic examination results,the disease was suspicious in 54(24%) eyes,mild in 92(41%) eyes,moderate in 54(24%) eyes and severe in 25(11%) eyes.The lesions were symmetric bow-tie in 8%, asymmetric bow-tie in 36%, nipple in 22%, in oval 18%, global 9% and anomalistic in 7%of the diseased eyes respectively.While the majority of the suspicious lesions were in a bow-tie pattern,the mild lesions were mainly in a bow-tie or nipple pattern,the moderate lesions were mainly in a nipple, oval or global pattern, and the severe lesions were mostly in a global or anomalistic pattern. Neither family history nor systemic genetic disease was noted in this study.All patients were treated with rigid gas permeable contact lens ( RGPCL) ,5 eyes in 3 patients underwent deep lamellar keratoplasty and 3 eyes in 2 patients were treated with penetrating keratoplasty.Conclusions Keratoconus is significantly more common in male patients than in female patients around the age of 20 in Suzhou.In most cases,keratoconus occurrs in both eyes.Corneal topography is a sensitive method for early detection of keratoconus.