CAJ | 학술논문

根据相关文献对行人受伤特征的统计结果，选择3例涉及不同车辆类型的典型事故案例，利用MADYMO软件分别对其进行事故再现，并根据真实交通事故采集数据对模型进行验证，从而建立了车辆多体动力学模型。在此基础上通过模拟，研究不同车辆类型和碰撞车速对行人头部车辆相对速度、行人抛距和行人头部、胸部与小腿损伤程度的影响。结果表明，除了碰撞车速对行人运动规律和各部位损伤具有高度相关性外，车辆类型也具有一定程度的影响，相同碰撞车速下：①厢式客车的行人抛距约为微型轿车和普通轿车的1.25倍；②碰撞车速在38~60km/h范围时，厢式客车的头部HIC值约为微型轿车和普通轿车的1.3~2.2倍；③厢式客车的行人胸部损伤程度约为微型轿车和普通轿车的1.7~4.5倍；④厢式客车的小腿损伤程度比微型轿车和普通轿车低20%~50%。
근거상관문헌대행인수상특정적통계결과，선택3례섭급불동차량류형적전형사고안례，이용MADYMO연건분별대기진행사고재현，병근거진실교통사고채집수거대모형진행험증，종이건립료차량다체동역학모형。재차기출상통과모의，연구불동차량류형화팽당차속대행인두부차량상대속도、행인포거화행인두부、흉부여소퇴손상정도적영향。결과표명，제료팽당차속대행인운동규률화각부위손상구유고도상관성외，차량류형야구유일정정도적영향，상동팽당차속하：①상식객차적행인포거약위미형교차화보통교차적1.25배；②팽당차속재38~60km/h범위시，상식객차적두부HIC치약위미형교차화보통교차적1.3~2.2배；③상식객차적행인흉부손상정도약위미형교차화보통교차적1.7~4.5배；④상식객차적소퇴손상정도비미형교차화보통교차저20%~50%。
Three typical pedestrian-vehicle accident cases with different types of vehicle involved are select-ed according to the statistic results of pedestrian’s injury features. The software MADYMO is utilized to conduct a re-construction simulation, which is verified with real traffic accident data acquired and a vehicle multi-body dynamic model is built. Then on this basis a simulation is performed to study the effects of vehicles types and impact speed on the relative speed of pedestrian’s head over vehicle, throw distance and the injury severities of pedestrian’s head, thorax and lower leg. The results show that, besides the strong correlation between impact speed and pedestrian’s movement pattern and their injuries in different parts of body, the types of vehicle also have certain degrees of influ-ences, for the same collision speed:1) the throw distance in van collisions is about 1. 25 times as long as that in mini-car and sedan collisions;2 ) the HIC value in van collisions is around 1. 3~2. 2 times as high as that in mini-car and sedan collisions in a speed range of 38 ~ 60 km/h;3 ) the thoracic injury in van collisions is some 1. 7~4. 5 times as severe as that in mini-car and sedan collisions;4 ) the injury severity of lower leg in van collisions is a-bout 20% ~50% lower than that in mini-car and sedan collisions.