水科学进展
水科學進展
수과학진전
2015年
2期
287-295
,共9页
齐学斌%黄仲冬%乔冬梅%张现超%李平%Mathias N Andersen
齊學斌%黃仲鼕%喬鼕梅%張現超%李平%Mathias N Andersen
제학빈%황중동%교동매%장현초%리평%Mathias N Andersen
灌区%水循环%优化模型%水文生态%水管理
灌區%水循環%優化模型%水文生態%水管理
관구%수순배%우화모형%수문생태%수관리
irrigation district%hydrological cycle%optimization model%water ecosystem%water management
灌区水资源合理配置是提高灌区水资源利用效率及保障粮食安全的重要途径,也是实现灌区水资源可持续利用的有效调控措施。从灌区水资源管理政策、水资源循环转化规律、水资源优化配置模型与方法和水文生态4个方面,对国内外该领域的研究现状进行了对比分析。研究发现,国内灌区水资源配置主要存在4个方面的问题:水资源合理配置与保护政策落实不到位、水资源的统一管理机制不健全、水资源优化配置模型实用性不强和水资源优化配置基础条件较为薄弱。建议加强灌区水资源的统一管理政策与机制、变化环境下水资源循环转化规律、水资源承载力基础理论与评价新方法、水文生态调控技术、水资源实时风险调度与智能化管理技术以及水资源优化配置耦合技术研究。
灌區水資源閤理配置是提高灌區水資源利用效率及保障糧食安全的重要途徑,也是實現灌區水資源可持續利用的有效調控措施。從灌區水資源管理政策、水資源循環轉化規律、水資源優化配置模型與方法和水文生態4箇方麵,對國內外該領域的研究現狀進行瞭對比分析。研究髮現,國內灌區水資源配置主要存在4箇方麵的問題:水資源閤理配置與保護政策落實不到位、水資源的統一管理機製不健全、水資源優化配置模型實用性不彊和水資源優化配置基礎條件較為薄弱。建議加彊灌區水資源的統一管理政策與機製、變化環境下水資源循環轉化規律、水資源承載力基礎理論與評價新方法、水文生態調控技術、水資源實時風險調度與智能化管理技術以及水資源優化配置耦閤技術研究。
관구수자원합리배치시제고관구수자원이용효솔급보장양식안전적중요도경,야시실현관구수자원가지속이용적유효조공조시。종관구수자원관리정책、수자원순배전화규률、수자원우화배치모형여방법화수문생태4개방면,대국내외해영역적연구현상진행료대비분석。연구발현,국내관구수자원배치주요존재4개방면적문제:수자원합리배치여보호정책락실불도위、수자원적통일관리궤제불건전、수자원우화배치모형실용성불강화수자원우화배치기출조건교위박약。건의가강관구수자원적통일관리정책여궤제、변화배경하수자원순배전화규률、수자원승재력기출이론여평개신방법、수문생태조공기술、수자원실시풍험조도여지능화관리기술이급수자원우화배치우합기술연구。
The rational allocation of water resources for irrigation is important to improve the efficiency in utilization of water resources and ensuring food security, but also effective control measures need to be in place for the sustainable utilization of water resources in an irrigation area. The progress of research on the rational allocation of water resources in irrigation districts both at home and abroad may be summarized in four key aspects of the policy regarding water re?sources management:① The mechanism of water resource cycle and ② Transformation in irrigation district, ③ The water resources optimal allocation model and④The hydrological ecosystem analysis in irrigation district. Our analysis showed that there are four major problems in domestic irrigation water resources allocation:Policies for rational water resources allocation and protection are not in place, unified management mechanism of water resources is not perfect, the model for optimal water resources allocation is not practical, and the basic conditions for optimal allocation of water resources is relatively weak. In order to solve those problems in water resources allocation practice, six important as?pects must be the focus in China in future research:More attention need to paid to studying the unified management policy and mechanism of water resources, studying the water resources cycle and transformation under environmental change, studying new methods for water resources carrying capacity and evaluation in irrigation districts, studying the water resources control technology in irrigation districts by hydrology ecological system, studying the technologies of real?time risk dispatching and intelligent management in irrigation districts, and finally studying the technology of cou?pling optimal allocation technology in irrigation districts.