CAJ | 학술논문

目的：了解我国15～24岁居民健康素养现状，为进一步开展青少年健康素养研究提供依据。方法采用分层多阶段 PPS 抽样方法，在全国31个省（自治区、直辖市）336个监测县（区）开展问卷调查。结果共调查15～24岁居民9951人。其中15～19岁居民4088人，占41．1％；20～24岁居民5863人，占58．9％。城市居民3956人，占39．8％；农村居民5995人，占60．2％。文化程度以初中为主，占41．9％。15～24岁居民中，仅9．4％的人具备健康素养，城市高于农村（χ2＝66．439，P ＝0．000），东部地区高于中部地区、中部地区高于西部地区（χ2＝91．875，P ＝0．000），女性高于男性（χ2＝17．056，P ＝0．000），高年龄组高于低年龄组（χ2＝14．457，P ＝0．000），高文化程度者高于低文化程度者（χ2＝340．577，P ＝0．000）。针对3方面健康素养水平，具备基本知识和理念素养的人占20．3％，健康生活方式与行为素养为12．0％，基本技能素养为13．3％，存在着基本知识和理念素养高于基本技能素养高于健康生活方式与行为素养的趋势。针对6类健康问题素养水平，具备科学健康观的人占33．5％，传染病防治18．6％，慢性病防治10．0％，安全与急救46．1％，基本医疗10．6％，健康信息19．9％；总体上看，存在着安全与急救素养较高、慢性病防治与基本医疗素养较低的趋势。结论我国15～24岁居民的健康素养水平明显偏低，应当以行为改变为目的，重点针对青少年健康素养的薄弱环节开展干预活动，帮助青少年养成健康生活方式。
목적：료해아국15～24세거민건강소양현상，위진일보개전청소년건강소양연구제공의거。방법채용분층다계단 PPS 추양방법，재전국31개성（자치구、직할시）336개감측현（구）개전문권조사。결과공조사15～24세거민9951인。기중15～19세거민4088인，점41．1％；20～24세거민5863인，점58．9％。성시거민3956인，점39．8％；농촌거민5995인，점60．2％。문화정도이초중위주，점41．9％。15～24세거민중，부9．4％적인구비건강소양，성시고우농촌（χ2＝66．439，P ＝0．000），동부지구고우중부지구、중부지구고우서부지구（χ2＝91．875，P ＝0．000），녀성고우남성（χ2＝17．056，P ＝0．000），고년령조고우저년령조（χ2＝14．457，P ＝0．000），고문화정도자고우저문화정도자（χ2＝340．577，P ＝0．000）。침대3방면건강소양수평，구비기본지식화이념소양적인점20．3％，건강생활방식여행위소양위12．0％，기본기능소양위13．3％，존재착기본지식화이념소양고우기본기능소양고우건강생활방식여행위소양적추세。침대6류건강문제소양수평，구비과학건강관적인점33．5％，전염병방치18．6％，만성병방치10．0％，안전여급구46．1％，기본의료10．6％，건강신식19．9％；총체상간，존재착안전여급구소양교고、만성병방치여기본의료소양교저적추세。결론아국15～24세거민적건강소양수평명현편저，응당이행위개변위목적，중점침대청소년건강소양적박약배절개전간예활동，방조청소년양성건강생활방식。
Objective To learn the health literacy condition on 15 -24 years old Chinese residents,in order to provide scientific reference for health literacy study on the youth.Methods Using stratified multi-stage sampling method in PPS,developing a questionnaire survey in 336 surveillance counties (district)in 31 provinces (autonomous regions,mu-nicipalities directly under the central government).Results In total of 9951 residents in the age of 15 -24 years old took part in the survey.Including 4088 (41.1%)people in the age of 15 -19 years old,5863 (58.9%)people in the age of 20 -24 years old.3956 (39.8%)urban residents,5995 (60.2%)rural residents.For educational background,the major-ity was junior high school,accounted 41.9%.During these 15 -24 years old residents,only 9.4 percent people have the health literacy,residents in the city are higher than rural (χ2 =66.439,P =0.000),eastern region is higher than the central region,the central region is higher than the western region (χ2 =91.875,P =0.000),females are higher than males (χ2 =17.056,P =0.000),high age group is higher than the low age group (χ2 =14.457,P =0.000),high edu-cational level is higher than those with low educational level (χ2 =340.577,P =0.000).According to the health literacy level of three aspects,20.3% people have the basic knowledge and concept literacy,12.0% have health lifestyle and be-havior literacy,13.3% have basic skill literacy.The basic knowledge and concept literacy is higher than basic skills litera-cy,and higher than healthy life style and behavior literacy.According to the literacy level of 6 kinds of health problems, 33.5% people have scientific view literacy,18.6% have infectious diseases prevention and treatment literacy,10.0% have chronic disease control and prevention literacy,46.1% have safety and first aid literacy,10.6% have basic medical care literacy,and 19.9% have health information literacy.Safety and first aid literacy is much higher in these 6 kinds of health problems,while chronic disease control and prevention literacy and basic medical care literacy is much lower.Conclusion Health literacy level is significantly low in Chinese 15 -24 years old residents,with the purpose of behavior change,inter-vention activities should be carried out to help young people develop a health life-style,especially focus on the weak links of youth health literacy.