环境科学
環境科學
배경과학
CHINESE JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE
2015年
3期
1045-1052
,共8页
邱晓蕾%宗良纲%刘一凡%杜霞飞%罗敏%汪润池
邱曉蕾%宗良綱%劉一凡%杜霞飛%囉敏%汪潤池
구효뢰%종량강%류일범%두하비%라민%왕윤지
有机种植%土壤固碳%土壤团聚体%重组有机碳%易氧化态碳
有機種植%土壤固碳%土壤糰聚體%重組有機碳%易氧化態碳
유궤충식%토양고탄%토양단취체%중조유궤탄%역양화태탄
organic cultivation%soil carbon sequestration%soil aggregates%heavy fraction of organic carbon%labile organic carbon
结合在有机农场近10年的定位研究，通过同步采样分析，比较了有机种植和常规种植两种不同模式下土壤团聚体组成、分配及团聚体内有机碳组分的差异.结果表明，常规种植模式下随着团聚体粒级的减小，团聚体4个粒级(﹥1 mm、1~0.5 mm、0.5~0.25 mm和﹤0.25 mm)的含量均值分别为23.75％、15.15％、19.98％和38.09％，而有机种植模式下各粒级团聚体(﹥1 mm、1~0.5 mm、0.5~0.25 mm和﹤0.25 mm)的含量分别为9.73％、18.41％、24.46％和43.90％，﹤0.25 mm微团聚体含量显著高于常规种植.有机种植模式提高了土壤有机碳和全氮含量，平均值分别为17.95 g·kg-1和1.51 g·kg-1.有机种植模式下相同粒级间，团聚体中重组有机碳平均含量显著高于常规种植，且重组有机碳在﹤0.25 mm这部分稳定性有机碳主要储存场所的微团聚体中富集.有机种植模式下易氧化态碳在﹥1 mm大团聚体中的含量显著高于常规种植，其它粒级间没有显著差异，易氧化态碳在﹥1 mm大团聚体中富集.有机种植模式增加了土壤有机碳及其组分含量，缓解了耕作对团聚体的破坏，并增强了有机碳的稳定性.有机种植有利于土壤固碳，这为进一步加快我国有机农业的发展提供了理论依据.
結閤在有機農場近10年的定位研究，通過同步採樣分析，比較瞭有機種植和常規種植兩種不同模式下土壤糰聚體組成、分配及糰聚體內有機碳組分的差異.結果錶明，常規種植模式下隨著糰聚體粒級的減小，糰聚體4箇粒級(﹥1 mm、1~0.5 mm、0.5~0.25 mm和﹤0.25 mm)的含量均值分彆為23.75％、15.15％、19.98％和38.09％，而有機種植模式下各粒級糰聚體(﹥1 mm、1~0.5 mm、0.5~0.25 mm和﹤0.25 mm)的含量分彆為9.73％、18.41％、24.46％和43.90％，﹤0.25 mm微糰聚體含量顯著高于常規種植.有機種植模式提高瞭土壤有機碳和全氮含量，平均值分彆為17.95 g·kg-1和1.51 g·kg-1.有機種植模式下相同粒級間，糰聚體中重組有機碳平均含量顯著高于常規種植，且重組有機碳在﹤0.25 mm這部分穩定性有機碳主要儲存場所的微糰聚體中富集.有機種植模式下易氧化態碳在﹥1 mm大糰聚體中的含量顯著高于常規種植，其它粒級間沒有顯著差異，易氧化態碳在﹥1 mm大糰聚體中富集.有機種植模式增加瞭土壤有機碳及其組分含量，緩解瞭耕作對糰聚體的破壞，併增彊瞭有機碳的穩定性.有機種植有利于土壤固碳，這為進一步加快我國有機農業的髮展提供瞭理論依據.
결합재유궤농장근10년적정위연구，통과동보채양분석，비교료유궤충식화상규충식량충불동모식하토양단취체조성、분배급단취체내유궤탄조분적차이.결과표명，상규충식모식하수착단취체립급적감소，단취체4개립급(﹥1 mm、1~0.5 mm、0.5~0.25 mm화﹤0.25 mm)적함량균치분별위23.75％、15.15％、19.98％화38.09％，이유궤충식모식하각립급단취체(﹥1 mm、1~0.5 mm、0.5~0.25 mm화﹤0.25 mm)적함량분별위9.73％、18.41％、24.46％화43.90％，﹤0.25 mm미단취체함량현저고우상규충식.유궤충식모식제고료토양유궤탄화전담함량，평균치분별위17.95 g·kg-1화1.51 g·kg-1.유궤충식모식하상동립급간，단취체중중조유궤탄평균함량현저고우상규충식，차중조유궤탄재﹤0.25 mm저부분은정성유궤탄주요저존장소적미단취체중부집.유궤충식모식하역양화태탄재﹥1 mm대단취체중적함량현저고우상규충식，기타립급간몰유현저차이，역양화태탄재﹥1 mm대단취체중부집.유궤충식모식증가료토양유궤탄급기조분함량，완해료경작대단취체적파배，병증강료유궤탄적은정성.유궤충식유리우토양고탄，저위진일보가쾌아국유궤농업적발전제공료이론의거.
Combined with the research in an organic farm in the past 10 years, differences of soil aggregates composition, distribution and organic carbon fractions between organic and conventional cultivation were studied by simultaneous sampling analysis. The results showed that the percentages of aggregates ( ﹥1 mm, 1-0. 5 mm, 0. 5-0. 25 mm and ﹤0. 25 mm) in the conventional cultivation were 23. 75%, 15. 15%, 19. 98% and 38. 09%, while those in organic cultivation were 9. 73%, 18. 41%, 24. 46% and 43. 90%, respectively. The percentage of ﹤0. 25 mm micro-aggregates was significantly higher in organic cultivation than that in conventional cultivation. Organic cultivation increased soil organic carbon ( average of 17. 95 g·kg-1 ) and total nitrogen contents ( average of 1. 51 g·kg-1 ) . Among the same aggregates in organic cultivation, the average content of heavy organic carbon fraction was significantly higher than that in conventional cultivation. This fraction accumulated in ﹤0. 25 mm micro-aggregates, which were main storage sites of stable organic carbon. In organic cultivation, the content of labile organic carbon in﹥1 mm macro-aggregates was significantly higher than that in conventional cultivation, while no significant difference was found among the other aggregates, indicating that the labile organic carbon was enriched in﹥1 mm macro-aggregates. Organic cultivation increased the amounts of organic carbon and its fractions, reduced tillage damage to aggregates, and enhanced the stability of organic carbon. Organic cultivation was therefore beneficial for soil carbon sequestration. The findings of this research may provide theoretical basis for further acceleration of the organic agriculture development.
