CAJ | 학술논문

为研究黄河调水调沙对邻近海域浮游植物群落的影响，2013年7月在黄河第16次调水调沙事件后，开展了水文、化学与生物综合调查。研究结果表明，黄河口邻近海域温度、营养盐浓度整体呈现由河口向离岸区域逐渐递减的分布趋势，盐度呈现由河口向离岸区域逐渐递增的分布趋势，显示了黄河水输入的影响程度。叶绿素 a 与营养盐浓度在空间分布上呈现出较好的对应关系，在黄河口偏渤海湾侧明显高于偏莱州湾侧，且近河口区明显高于离岸区。营养盐结构分析表明，黄河口邻近海域普遍存在磷酸盐（DIP）的绝对和相对限制；但黄河水沙输入在局部站位缓解了硅（DSi）限制。浮游植物群落结构的空间变化显著受到盐度的影响，在受黄河水输入影响显著的 C、D、E 断面，蓝藻与绿藻的生物量比例明显增高；影响相对较弱的断面则以硅藻、甲藻为主。浮游植物群落结构与环境因子的主成分分析结果表明，DSi、DIP 和盐度是影响该海域浮游植物空间变化的关键环境因子。甲藻、蓝藻与绿藻群落受盐度变化的影响程度明显大于硅藻群落；但甲藻群落对营养盐结构的敏感性低于硅藻、蓝藻和绿藻群落。
위연구황하조수조사대린근해역부유식물군락적영향，2013년7월재황하제16차조수조사사건후，개전료수문、화학여생물종합조사。연구결과표명，황하구린근해역온도、영양염농도정체정현유하구향리안구역축점체감적분포추세，염도정현유하구향리안구역축점체증적분포추세，현시료황하수수입적영향정도。협록소 a 여영양염농도재공간분포상정현출교호적대응관계，재황하구편발해만측명현고우편래주만측，차근하구구명현고우리안구。영양염결구분석표명，황하구린근해역보편존재린산염（DIP）적절대화상대한제；단황하수사수입재국부참위완해료규（DSi）한제。부유식물군락결구적공간변화현저수도염도적영향，재수황하수수입영향현저적 C、D、E 단면，람조여록조적생물량비례명현증고；영향상대교약적단면칙이규조、갑조위주。부유식물군락결구여배경인자적주성분분석결과표명，DSi、DIP 화염도시영향해해역부유식물공간변화적관건배경인자。갑조、람조여록조군락수염도변화적영향정도명현대우규조군락；단갑조군락대영양염결구적민감성저우규조、람조화록조군락。
An ecological survey was carried out in July 2013 in the Yellow River adjacent sea after the 16th water-sediment regulation,with an aim of understanding the response of phytoplankton assemblages to changed environ-ment.The result showed that temperature and nutrient concentrations decreased gradually from the mouth of river to offshore waters,corresponding to the increased freshwater loading,and salinity increased gradually from the mouth of river to offshore waters.Nutrient concentrations at the sites near to the side of Bohai Bay displayed high-er values than the Laizhou Bay.The analysis on nutrient structure indicated that DIP was absolute and relative lim-itation,while DSi limitation only appeared in a few sites.100 species of phytoplankton in 60 genera of the five clas-ses were identified from the samples,and major phytoplankton components were diatoms and dinoflagellates.In ad-dition,a few brackish species in Cyanophyceae,Chrysophyceae,and Chlorophyceae were also identified from the riv-er mouth,indicating the impact of salinity.Chlorophyll a concentrations and nutrient concentrations presented a significantly spatial distribution from the river mouth to offshore waters,with higher values at the sites near to the side of the Bohai Bay than the Laizhou Bay.Phytoplankton assemblages were in response to the variations of spa-tial environmental factors.The biomass proportions of Cyanophyceae and Chlorophyceae increased distinctly in the transections of C,D and E,indicating a strong influence of the diluted water,while diatoms and dinoflagellates in other transections with less impact from the diluted water.The results of Principal Components Analysis between phytoplankton assemblages and environmental factors indicated that DSi,DIP and salinity were key factors related to the spatial variation of phytoplankton assemblages.