环境科学
環境科學
배경과학
CHINESE JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE
2015年
3期
862-868
,共7页
多环芳烃%岩溶地下河%环境介质%组成%来源
多環芳烴%巖溶地下河%環境介質%組成%來源
다배방경%암용지하하%배경개질%조성%래원
polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons%karst underground river%environmental medium%composition%source
为了确定岩溶地下河系统内不同环境介质中多环芳烃( PAHs)的污染特征及来源，选择典型的清水泉地下河为研究对象，采用2013~2014年同期采集的空气、地下河水、沉积物和土壤样品测试数据，运用16种多环芳烃( PAHs)的成分谱、分布特征和特征比值，结合其物理化学性质进行对比分析.结果表明，空气和地下河水以萘( Nap)、菲( Phe)和荧蒽( FlA)这3种2~3环PAHs为主，其中空气的2~3环PAHs比例为71.66％，地下河水的2~3环PAHs比例为54.84％，而沉积物和土壤以4~6环PAHs为主，其中沉积物的4~6环PAHs比例为54.26％，土壤的4~6环PAHs比例为65.06％；环境介质中PAHs的浓度变化表明上游小于中游，中游小于下游，这与污染源排放、吸附作用等相关；PAHs来源解析表明，上游乡村地区PAHs来源以草、木、煤燃烧源为主，敢怀村天窗附近显示为石油源，地下河出口处PAHs来源则以石油源和燃烧源的混合源为主.
為瞭確定巖溶地下河繫統內不同環境介質中多環芳烴( PAHs)的汙染特徵及來源，選擇典型的清水泉地下河為研究對象，採用2013~2014年同期採集的空氣、地下河水、沉積物和土壤樣品測試數據，運用16種多環芳烴( PAHs)的成分譜、分佈特徵和特徵比值，結閤其物理化學性質進行對比分析.結果錶明，空氣和地下河水以萘( Nap)、菲( Phe)和熒蒽( FlA)這3種2~3環PAHs為主，其中空氣的2~3環PAHs比例為71.66％，地下河水的2~3環PAHs比例為54.84％，而沉積物和土壤以4~6環PAHs為主，其中沉積物的4~6環PAHs比例為54.26％，土壤的4~6環PAHs比例為65.06％；環境介質中PAHs的濃度變化錶明上遊小于中遊，中遊小于下遊，這與汙染源排放、吸附作用等相關；PAHs來源解析錶明，上遊鄉村地區PAHs來源以草、木、煤燃燒源為主，敢懷村天窗附近顯示為石油源，地下河齣口處PAHs來源則以石油源和燃燒源的混閤源為主.
위료학정암용지하하계통내불동배경개질중다배방경( PAHs)적오염특정급래원，선택전형적청수천지하하위연구대상，채용2013~2014년동기채집적공기、지하하수、침적물화토양양품측시수거，운용16충다배방경( PAHs)적성분보、분포특정화특정비치，결합기물이화학성질진행대비분석.결과표명，공기화지하하수이내( Nap)、비( Phe)화형은( FlA)저3충2~3배PAHs위주，기중공기적2~3배PAHs비례위71.66％，지하하수적2~3배PAHs비례위54.84％，이침적물화토양이4~6배PAHs위주，기중침적물적4~6배PAHs비례위54.26％，토양적4~6배PAHs비례위65.06％；배경개질중PAHs적농도변화표명상유소우중유，중유소우하유，저여오염원배방、흡부작용등상관；PAHs래원해석표명，상유향촌지구PAHs래원이초、목、매연소원위주，감부촌천창부근현시위석유원，지하하출구처PAHs래원칙이석유원화연소원적혼합원위주.
In order to understand the contamination characteristics of PAHs in different environmental mediums of karst underground river, the authors chose the Qingshuiquan underground river as the study object. Based on the data of air, groundwater, sediment and soil samples collected during the same period from 2013 to 2014, contrastive analysis was conducted in light of the component spectra, the distribution features and the characteristic ratios as well as the chemical and physical properties of 16 kinds of PAHs. The results showed that 3 kinds of PAHs with 2-3 rings ( naphthalenes, phenanthrene and fluoranthene) were dominant in the air and underground river water, which accounted for 71. 66% and 54. 84% of the total PAHs. And PAHs with 4-6 rings were dominant in the soil and sediment of the underground river, which accounted for 54. 26% and 65. 06% of the total PAHs. The distribution of PAHs in environmental mediums along the underground river indicated that the mean concentration PAHs in upstream area was less than that of midstream,and that of midstream was less than that of downstream, because of pollution discharge and absorption. The ratios of specific PAHs indicated that the PAHs sources in upstream rural area mainly came from the combustion of grassy, wood and coal, the PAHs sources in Ganhuai village were mainly originated from petroleum, and the PAHs sources in the outlet of the underground river mainly came from both petroleum and its combustion.
