CAJ | 학술논문

以黄土高原纸坊沟流域3种不同植物类型(乔、灌、草)下优势物种的叶片及其枯落物为研究对象,通过对其碳、氮、磷、钾含量及生态化学计量学特征的研究,探讨退化生态系统植物内稳性、NP限制率以及营养元素的回流关系,以期为黄土高原植被恢复与重建以及不同物种的合理配置提供合理建议,为完善生态化学计量学理论提供支撑.结果表明,不同植物类型叶片碳氮磷含量变化较小,钾含量变化较大,表现为草本植物叶片钾含量显著高于乔木与灌木；叶片在凋落前将大量的养分转移至其它器官,防止养分的流失,使得枯落物碳氮磷钾含量均小于叶片.碳、氮、磷、钾的回流率分别为6.16％~22.84％、24.38％~65.18％、22.38％~77.16％、60.99％~89.35％,其中碳、磷、钾的回流率以草本最大,磷的回流率以灌木最大.乔木与灌木叶片与枯落物N：P、N：K、C：N比差异不显著,草本植物差异显著.植物叶片N：P比变化范围为12.14~19.17,叶片枯落物N：P比变化范围为12.84~30.67.通常将N：P比为16作为评价植物生长受氮或者磷限制的临界值,不同植物类型叶片N：P比表现为灌木(19.17)﹥乔木(15)﹥草本(12.14),说明该区灌木主要受磷含量的限制,草本植物主要受氮含量限制,乔木主要受氮磷含量共同限制.叶片钾含量与N：P呈极显著的负相关,枯落物钾含量与C：P比呈极显著的负相关.综合研究表明,该区3种植物类型碳氮磷含量无差异,钾含量差异显著,叶片碳氮磷钾回流率较大,不同植物类型受氮与磷限制作用不一致植物在生长演替阶段对氮磷等元素的累积与回归表现出一定的特异性.
이황토고원지방구류역3충불동식물류형(교、관、초)하우세물충적협편급기고락물위연구대상,통과대기탄、담、린、갑함량급생태화학계량학특정적연구,탐토퇴화생태계통식물내은성、NP한제솔이급영양원소적회류관계,이기위황토고원식피회복여중건이급불동물충적합리배치제공합리건의,위완선생태화학계량학이론제공지탱.결과표명,불동식물류형협편탄담린함량변화교소,갑함량변화교대,표현위초본식물협편갑함량현저고우교목여관목；협편재조락전장대량적양분전이지기타기관,방지양분적류실,사득고락물탄담린갑함량균소우협편.탄、담、린、갑적회류솔분별위6.16％~22.84％、24.38％~65.18％、22.38％~77.16％、60.99％~89.35％,기중탄、린、갑적회류솔이초본최대,린적회류솔이관목최대.교목여관목협편여고락물N：P、N：K、C：N비차이불현저,초본식물차이현저.식물협편N：P비변화범위위12.14~19.17,협편고락물N：P비변화범위위12.84~30.67.통상장N：P비위16작위평개식물생장수담혹자린한제적림계치,불동식물류형협편N：P비표현위관목(19.17)﹥교목(15)﹥초본(12.14),설명해구관목주요수린함량적한제,초본식물주요수담함량한제,교목주요수담린함량공동한제.협편갑함량여N：P정겁현저적부상관,고락물갑함량여C：P비정겁현저적부상관.종합연구표명,해구3충식물류형탄담린함량무차이,갑함량차이현저,협편탄담린갑회류솔교대,불동식물류형수담여린한제작용불일치식물재생장연체계단대담린등원소적루적여회귀표현출일정적특이성.
The purpose was to characterize the effects of vegetation types on plant leaf and litter carbon ( C ) , nitrogen ( N ) , phosphorus ( P) , potassium ( K) and C:N:P:K ecological stoichiometric characteristics in seven dominant plant species, including Robinia pseudoacacia, Syringa, Sophora viciifolia, Hippophae rhamnoides, Rosa xanthina, Artemisia sacrorum, Artemisia giraldii, of Zhifanggou Watershed on the Loess Plateau, China. This paper indicated the differences between the contents of C, N, P and K and the characteristics of ecological stoichiometric in the different vegetation types, including forest type, shrub type and grass type. Concentrations of C, N, P and K were measured, and C:N:P:K was estimated for different vegetation types. There were no significant differences in leaf C, N and P concentrations among the three vegetation types. But significant differences in leaf K concentration existed, and the K concentration in leaf was the highest in grass type, and the lowest in shrub type. The contents of C, N, P and K in leaf were much higher than those in litter, especially in shrub and grass types. The resorption efficiencies of C, N, P and K were different, and their ranges varied 6. 16%-22. 84%, 24. 38%-65. 18%, 22. 38%-77. 16% and 60. 99%-89. 35%, respectively. Grass type had the highest C, P and K resorption efficiencies, and the lowest N resorption efficiency. Values of the N:P ratio in leaf varied in the range of 12. 14-19. 17, and varied in the range of 12. 84-30. 67 in litter. Values of the N:P ratio in leaf were the highest in shrub type (19. 17), and the lowest in grass (12. 14), indicating that the growth of shrub plants was limited by P, while the growth of grass plants was limited by N. The K concentration in leaf was significantly negatively correlated with values of the N:P ratio in leaf, and the K concentration in litter was significantly negatively correlated with values of the C:P ratio in leaf. Findings in this study highlighted the characteristics of accumulation and and return of leaf and litters nutrients during the different vegetation succession on the Loess Plateau.