海洋学报（中文版）
海洋學報（中文版）
해양학보（중문판）
ACTA OCEANOLOGICA SINICA
2015年
4期
124-132
,共9页
蓝文陆%李天深%刘勐伶%庞碧剑%刘昕明
藍文陸%李天深%劉勐伶%龐碧劍%劉昕明
람문륙%리천심%류맹령%방벽검%류흔명
浮游动物%群落结构%平水期%枯水期%钦州湾
浮遊動物%群落結構%平水期%枯水期%欽州灣
부유동물%군락결구%평수기%고수기%흠주만
zooplankton%community%flood seasons%dry seasons%Qinzhou Bay
在2011年丰水期（7月）和2012年枯水期（3月），分别对钦州湾的内湾和外湾开展了浮游动物调查，研究了枯水期和丰水期钦州湾浮游动物的种类组成、数量分布和季节变化特征。丰水期和枯水期浮游动物种类数量分别为27种和44种，以优势度指数Y ＞0．02确定的优势种丰水期和枯水期分别为3种和4种。丰水期浮游动物丰度为4．0～133．6 ind／m3，平均丰度为50．9 ind／m3；枯水期浮游动物丰度为1．2～1725．0 ind／m3，平均丰度为272．2 ind／m3。丰水期浮游动物（包含鱼卵仔鱼）生物量为1．7～179．2 mg／m3，平均生物量为44．0 mg／m3；枯水期浮游动物（包含鱼卵仔鱼）生物量为3．1～3530．0 mg／m3，平均生物量为474．9 mg／m3。无论是浮游动物的种类数量、丰度和生物量，均显示出内湾低于外湾的空间分布特征，以及枯水期高于丰水期的变化特征。钦州湾浮游动物的这种季节变化和空间分布特征主要是与浮游植物生物量、贝类养殖、环境的稳定度以及人为干扰等有着密切的关系。
在2011年豐水期（7月）和2012年枯水期（3月），分彆對欽州灣的內灣和外灣開展瞭浮遊動物調查，研究瞭枯水期和豐水期欽州灣浮遊動物的種類組成、數量分佈和季節變化特徵。豐水期和枯水期浮遊動物種類數量分彆為27種和44種，以優勢度指數Y ＞0．02確定的優勢種豐水期和枯水期分彆為3種和4種。豐水期浮遊動物豐度為4．0～133．6 ind／m3，平均豐度為50．9 ind／m3；枯水期浮遊動物豐度為1．2～1725．0 ind／m3，平均豐度為272．2 ind／m3。豐水期浮遊動物（包含魚卵仔魚）生物量為1．7～179．2 mg／m3，平均生物量為44．0 mg／m3；枯水期浮遊動物（包含魚卵仔魚）生物量為3．1～3530．0 mg／m3，平均生物量為474．9 mg／m3。無論是浮遊動物的種類數量、豐度和生物量，均顯示齣內灣低于外灣的空間分佈特徵，以及枯水期高于豐水期的變化特徵。欽州灣浮遊動物的這種季節變化和空間分佈特徵主要是與浮遊植物生物量、貝類養殖、環境的穩定度以及人為榦擾等有著密切的關繫。
재2011년봉수기（7월）화2012년고수기（3월），분별대흠주만적내만화외만개전료부유동물조사，연구료고수기화봉수기흠주만부유동물적충류조성、수량분포화계절변화특정。봉수기화고수기부유동물충류수량분별위27충화44충，이우세도지수Y ＞0．02학정적우세충봉수기화고수기분별위3충화4충。봉수기부유동물봉도위4．0～133．6 ind／m3，평균봉도위50．9 ind／m3；고수기부유동물봉도위1．2～1725．0 ind／m3，평균봉도위272．2 ind／m3。봉수기부유동물（포함어란자어）생물량위1．7～179．2 mg／m3，평균생물량위44．0 mg／m3；고수기부유동물（포함어란자어）생물량위3．1～3530．0 mg／m3，평균생물량위474．9 mg／m3。무론시부유동물적충류수량、봉도화생물량，균현시출내만저우외만적공간분포특정，이급고수기고우봉수기적변화특정。흠주만부유동물적저충계절변화화공간분포특정주요시여부유식물생물량、패류양식、배경적은정도이급인위간우등유착밀절적관계。
The characteristics of species composition,quantitative distribution and seasonal variation of zooplankton in the Qinzhou Bay were investigated in flood season in 2011(July)and dry season in 2012(March).Species quan-tity of zooplankton were 27 and 44 with dominant species(Y>0.02)of 3 and 4 in flood and dry seasons,respective-ly.The dominant species were Acartia (Odontacartia)pacifica,Pleurobrachia globosa and Lucifer intermedius in flood season,while Calanus sinicus ,Pleurobrachia globosa ,Oikopleura (Vexillaria )dioica and Centropages te-nuiremis in dry season.The abundance of zooplankton ranged from 4.01-133.64 ind/m3 with an average of 50.9 ind/m3 in flood season,while 1.2-1 725.0 ind/m3 with an average of 272.2 ind/m3 in dry season.However,bio-mass of zooplankton which included fish eggs and larvae ranged from 1.7-179.2 mg/m3 with an average of 44.0 mg/m3 in flood season,while 3.1-3 530.0 mg/m3 with an average of 474.9 mg/m3 in dry season.Qinzhou Bay was in an characterized,rapid change estuary environment,its marine system,which affected by rivers runoff,Beibu Gulf coastal waters etc.,was complex and it's community structure of zooplankton presented complex diversity. Estuarine group[such as Acartia (Odontacartia)pacifica]and warm water nearshore group(such as Tortanus forcipatus )were the main ecological groups of zooplankton community structure.Both in the species number and abundance of zooplankton,Copepoda were the predominant species.Temporal and spatial distribution of species number,abundance and biomass of zooplankton were higher in outer bay than that in inner bay,as well as higher in dry season than that in flood season.The seasonal variation and spatial distribution characteristics of zooplankton in the Qinzhou Bay mainly had a close relationship with the phytoplankton biomass,shellfish culture,stability of the environment and human disturbance.
