CAJ | 학술논문

目的：探讨强化教育在降低护生实习期间针刺伤发生率、发生次数中应用的效果。方法采用历史对照研究设计,便利选取某医学院护理学院2007级本科实习护生53名为对照组,实习期间采用常规带教；2008级本科实习护生54名为干预组,对其实施强化教育。采用自行编制的针刺伤调查表调查两组护生在实习期8个月内针刺伤的发生状况。结果在8个月的实习期内,对照组护生针刺伤发生率为58.68%,干预组为33.33%,两组比较差异有统计学意义(χ2=6.82,P<0.05)。干预组护生普通针刺伤、污染针扎伤平均发生频次均低于对照组,差异有统计学意义(Z值分别为-2.94,-2.74；P<0.01)。干预组护生在每一操作环节针刺伤发生次数均较对照组少,干预组、对照组均在操作前配液扎伤所占比例最大,分别为45.83%,37.29%；均在操作后回套针帽环节被污染针头扎伤比例最大,分别为40.00%,46.15%。两组护生普通针刺伤发生次数最多的科室均为社区。结论强化教育可以降低护生针刺伤的发生率、发生次数,此教育方案在护生针刺伤职业防护教育中有效、可行。
목적：탐토강화교육재강저호생실습기간침자상발생솔、발생차수중응용적효과。방법채용역사대조연구설계,편리선취모의학원호이학원2007급본과실습호생53명위대조조,실습기간채용상규대교；2008급본과실습호생54명위간예조,대기실시강화교육。채용자행편제적침자상조사표조사량조호생재실습기8개월내침자상적발생상황。결과재8개월적실습기내,대조조호생침자상발생솔위58.68%,간예조위33.33%,량조비교차이유통계학의의(χ2=6.82,P<0.05)。간예조호생보통침자상、오염침찰상평균발생빈차균저우대조조,차이유통계학의의(Z치분별위-2.94,-2.74；P<0.01)。간예조호생재매일조작배절침자상발생차수균교대조조소,간예조、대조조균재조작전배액찰상소점비례최대,분별위45.83%,37.29%；균재조작후회투침모배절피오염침두찰상비례최대,분별위40.00%,46.15%。량조호생보통침자상발생차수최다적과실균위사구。결론강화교육가이강저호생침자상적발생솔、발생차수,차교육방안재호생침자상직업방호교육중유효、가행。
Objective To explore the application effects of intensive training in reducing the occurrence rate and frequency of pricking wound during nursing internship. Methods Quasi-experimental study with historical control study was used in this research. The 54 cases of grade 2008 undergraduate worked as intervention group with intensive training, and 53 cases of grade 2007 as control group with routine training, which were selected conveniently from a nursing school. The self-designed questionnaire of pricking wound was used to assess the occurrence rate and frequency of pricking wound. Results During eight months′ internship, occurrence rate of pricking wound in the control and intervention group were 58. 68% and 33. 33% (χ2 =6. 82, P<0. 05). The frequencies of normal pricking wound and polluted pricking in the intervention group were lower than those of the control group (t =3. 19,2. 46, respectively;P <0. 01). The nursing interns were less happened pricking in each step of practice in the intervention group ( 45. 83%) comparing with that of the control group (37. 29%), and the most frequency of polluted pricking was recapping of polluted needle, which was 46. 15% in the intervention group and 40. 00% in the control group. The highest incidence of pricking wound happened in the community in both groups. Conclusions The intensive training can decrease the occurrence rates, frequencies of pricking wound, and is a effective occupational protection education to prevent nursing interns to acquired a pricking wound.