CAJ | 학술논문

机床热误差的产生不可避免，热误差在机床的总误差源中又占有较大比重。如何合理地对机床热误差进行建模，并以此为基础实现热误差的避免与补偿十分关键。在过去三十年里，众多国内外学者针对热误差的建模方法进行了探究，基于建模方法的不同可分为两类：经验热误差建模方法与理论热误差建模方法。经验热误差建模方法主要应用于机床热误差的补偿，基于对统计学模型的参数辨识实现热误差的预测。理论热误差建模方法主要用于机床热误差的避免，基于传热关系及力与位移的约束建立方程，并通过微分方程的数值求解得到热变形。以这两种机床热误差的建模方法为脉络进行展开，分别探讨了两类建模方法国内外的研究现状，并分析了各模型的优缺点，并对未来的研究趋势进行了展望。
궤상열오차적산생불가피면，열오차재궤상적총오차원중우점유교대비중。여하합리지대궤상열오차진행건모，병이차위기출실현열오차적피면여보상십분관건。재과거삼십년리，음다국내외학자침대열오차적건모방법진행료탐구，기우건모방법적불동가분위량류：경험열오차건모방법여이론열오차건모방법。경험열오차건모방법주요응용우궤상열오차적보상，기우대통계학모형적삼수변식실현열오차적예측。이론열오차건모방법주요용우궤상열오차적피면，기우전열관계급력여위이적약속건립방정，병통과미분방정적수치구해득도열변형。이저량충궤상열오차적건모방법위맥락진행전개，분별탐토료량류건모방법국내외적연구현상，병분석료각모형적우결점，병대미래적연구추세진행료전망。
The thermal error of a machine tool is inevitable, and it holds a great proportion in the total error of the CNC. Modeling an accurate thermal error which could be used to forecast and compensate the unexpected error is of great importance. During the last thirty years, many researchers focused on the research of the modeling of the thermal error. And there are two general schools, namely the empirical-based and the principle-based. The empirical-based models are malnly used in the compensation of thermal error, and the models are established based on the statistical analysis. The principle-based models are used for the avoidance of thermal error, and the model is built according the equations of heat transfer, force and displacement constralnt. The equations are solved by numerical methods. Based on the two directions, the research status in this area is discussed. The advantages and disadvantages are summarized and future research prospects are concluded.