中国农业科学
中國農業科學
중국농업과학
SCIENTIA AGRICULTURA SINICA
2015年
7期
1383-1391
,共9页
葛红娟%龙桂友%戴素明%李大志%李娜%邓子牛
葛紅娟%龍桂友%戴素明%李大誌%李娜%鄧子牛
갈홍연%룡계우%대소명%리대지%리나%산자우
冰糖橙%枸橼 C-05%溃疡病菌%叶片提取液%胞外多糖
冰糖橙%枸櫞 C-05%潰瘍病菌%葉片提取液%胞外多糖
빙당등%구연 C-05%궤양병균%협편제취액%포외다당
‘Bingtang’ sweet orange%citron C-05%Xac%the leaves’ extracted solution%exopolysaccharides (EPS)
【目的】采用新的接种方式，比较冰糖橙与枸橼 C-05叶片对溃疡病菌生长特性的的影响，探讨冰糖橙与枸橼 C-05对溃疡病菌敏感度的差异性。【方法】将完全展开、颜色淡绿的冰糖橙与枸橼 C-05叶片进行75%酒精和1% NaClO 消毒并切割后，分别与溃疡病菌在离体条件下共培养，观察叶片在 MT 培养基（对照）、MT 中间嵌入NYGA 培养基（MA）中对溃疡病菌生长的影响；分别提取冰糖橙和枸橼 C-05叶片的粗提液，并以25%、50%和75%的比例添加至 MT 培养基中，观察冰糖橙和枸橼 C-05叶片提取液分别对溃疡病菌生长的影响；同时以不同比例的叶片粗提液添加至 NYGB 培养基中，观察冰糖橙与枸橼 C-05叶片提取液分别对溃疡病菌胞外多糖含量的影响。【结果】Xac 在培养冰糖橙叶片的 MT 培养基中生长迅速，接种1周后即出现 Xac 的增殖现象，菌斑直径均值比对照大0.5 mm；接种2周后菌斑直径均值为5.27 mm，几乎是对照的3倍；而2—3周为 Xac 的急速生长期，菌斑直径由5.27 mm 快速增长至13.41 mm，是对照菌斑直径的5倍多；3周后菌斑生长缓慢趋于平稳；各个时间点的菌斑直径与对照相比均达到极显著差异水平。在培养冰糖橙叶片的 MA 培养基中，Xac 生长1 d 后菌斑直径均值为4.58 mm，小于对照的6.19 mm；接种3 d 后 Xac 继续生长，菌斑直径几乎与对照组相同，差异不显著；但是在接种5 d 后，菌斑直径快速增长至21.31 mm，大于对照组的16.33 mm，3个菌斑长势连在一起，两者差异达到极显著水平。冰糖橙的叶片提取液对溃疡病菌的生长及胞外多糖含量均有促进作用，随着其添加浓度的增加，促进效果越明显，与对照相比均可达到极显著水平。Xac 在培养枸橼 C-05叶片的 MT 培养基中生长较为缓慢，在接种1周后菌斑直径与对照相比差异不显著；2周后菌斑直径约为对照的一半；3周时，菌斑直径均值为2.06 mm，小于对照的2.62 mm；2周和3周时的菌斑直径与对照相比均达到显著水平。在培养枸橼 C-05叶片的 MA 培养基中，Xac 生长较为缓慢，菌斑直径均小于对照组，在1、3和5 d 时与对照相比均达到极显著水平。枸橼 C-05的叶片提取液对溃疡病菌生长和胞外多糖含量的影响不大，与对照相比均差异不显著。【结论】冰糖橙叶片中存在可促进溃疡病菌的生长、增加胞外多糖含量的物质，这种物质可能突破了其自身免疫系统，导致其对 Xac 高度敏感而极易感病。枸橼 C-05叶片与溃疡病菌共培养时，分泌抑制溃疡病菌生长的物质，使得枸橼 C-05对 Xac 具有较低敏感度而表现抗性。
【目的】採用新的接種方式，比較冰糖橙與枸櫞 C-05葉片對潰瘍病菌生長特性的的影響，探討冰糖橙與枸櫞 C-05對潰瘍病菌敏感度的差異性。【方法】將完全展開、顏色淡綠的冰糖橙與枸櫞 C-05葉片進行75%酒精和1% NaClO 消毒併切割後，分彆與潰瘍病菌在離體條件下共培養，觀察葉片在 MT 培養基（對照）、MT 中間嵌入NYGA 培養基（MA）中對潰瘍病菌生長的影響；分彆提取冰糖橙和枸櫞 C-05葉片的粗提液，併以25%、50%和75%的比例添加至 MT 培養基中，觀察冰糖橙和枸櫞 C-05葉片提取液分彆對潰瘍病菌生長的影響；同時以不同比例的葉片粗提液添加至 NYGB 培養基中，觀察冰糖橙與枸櫞 C-05葉片提取液分彆對潰瘍病菌胞外多糖含量的影響。【結果】Xac 在培養冰糖橙葉片的 MT 培養基中生長迅速，接種1週後即齣現 Xac 的增殖現象，菌斑直徑均值比對照大0.5 mm；接種2週後菌斑直徑均值為5.27 mm，幾乎是對照的3倍；而2—3週為 Xac 的急速生長期，菌斑直徑由5.27 mm 快速增長至13.41 mm，是對照菌斑直徑的5倍多；3週後菌斑生長緩慢趨于平穩；各箇時間點的菌斑直徑與對照相比均達到極顯著差異水平。在培養冰糖橙葉片的 MA 培養基中，Xac 生長1 d 後菌斑直徑均值為4.58 mm，小于對照的6.19 mm；接種3 d 後 Xac 繼續生長，菌斑直徑幾乎與對照組相同，差異不顯著；但是在接種5 d 後，菌斑直徑快速增長至21.31 mm，大于對照組的16.33 mm，3箇菌斑長勢連在一起，兩者差異達到極顯著水平。冰糖橙的葉片提取液對潰瘍病菌的生長及胞外多糖含量均有促進作用，隨著其添加濃度的增加，促進效果越明顯，與對照相比均可達到極顯著水平。Xac 在培養枸櫞 C-05葉片的 MT 培養基中生長較為緩慢，在接種1週後菌斑直徑與對照相比差異不顯著；2週後菌斑直徑約為對照的一半；3週時，菌斑直徑均值為2.06 mm，小于對照的2.62 mm；2週和3週時的菌斑直徑與對照相比均達到顯著水平。在培養枸櫞 C-05葉片的 MA 培養基中，Xac 生長較為緩慢，菌斑直徑均小于對照組，在1、3和5 d 時與對照相比均達到極顯著水平。枸櫞 C-05的葉片提取液對潰瘍病菌生長和胞外多糖含量的影響不大，與對照相比均差異不顯著。【結論】冰糖橙葉片中存在可促進潰瘍病菌的生長、增加胞外多糖含量的物質，這種物質可能突破瞭其自身免疫繫統，導緻其對 Xac 高度敏感而極易感病。枸櫞 C-05葉片與潰瘍病菌共培養時，分泌抑製潰瘍病菌生長的物質，使得枸櫞 C-05對 Xac 具有較低敏感度而錶現抗性。
【목적】채용신적접충방식，비교빙당등여구연 C-05협편대궤양병균생장특성적적영향，탐토빙당등여구연 C-05대궤양병균민감도적차이성。【방법】장완전전개、안색담록적빙당등여구연 C-05협편진행75%주정화1% NaClO 소독병절할후，분별여궤양병균재리체조건하공배양，관찰협편재 MT 배양기（대조）、MT 중간감입NYGA 배양기（MA）중대궤양병균생장적영향；분별제취빙당등화구연 C-05협편적조제액，병이25%、50%화75%적비례첨가지 MT 배양기중，관찰빙당등화구연 C-05협편제취액분별대궤양병균생장적영향；동시이불동비례적협편조제액첨가지 NYGB 배양기중，관찰빙당등여구연 C-05협편제취액분별대궤양병균포외다당함량적영향。【결과】Xac 재배양빙당등협편적 MT 배양기중생장신속，접충1주후즉출현 Xac 적증식현상，균반직경균치비대조대0.5 mm；접충2주후균반직경균치위5.27 mm，궤호시대조적3배；이2—3주위 Xac 적급속생장기，균반직경유5.27 mm 쾌속증장지13.41 mm，시대조균반직경적5배다；3주후균반생장완만추우평은；각개시간점적균반직경여대조상비균체도겁현저차이수평。재배양빙당등협편적 MA 배양기중，Xac 생장1 d 후균반직경균치위4.58 mm，소우대조적6.19 mm；접충3 d 후 Xac 계속생장，균반직경궤호여대조조상동，차이불현저；단시재접충5 d 후，균반직경쾌속증장지21.31 mm，대우대조조적16.33 mm，3개균반장세련재일기，량자차이체도겁현저수평。빙당등적협편제취액대궤양병균적생장급포외다당함량균유촉진작용，수착기첨가농도적증가，촉진효과월명현，여대조상비균가체도겁현저수평。Xac 재배양구연 C-05협편적 MT 배양기중생장교위완만，재접충1주후균반직경여대조상비차이불현저；2주후균반직경약위대조적일반；3주시，균반직경균치위2.06 mm，소우대조적2.62 mm；2주화3주시적균반직경여대조상비균체도현저수평。재배양구연 C-05협편적 MA 배양기중，Xac 생장교위완만，균반직경균소우대조조，재1、3화5 d 시여대조상비균체도겁현저수평。구연 C-05적협편제취액대궤양병균생장화포외다당함량적영향불대，여대조상비균차이불현저。【결론】빙당등협편중존재가촉진궤양병균적생장、증가포외다당함량적물질，저충물질가능돌파료기자신면역계통，도치기대 Xac 고도민감이겁역감병。구연 C-05협편여궤양병균공배양시，분비억제궤양병균생장적물질，사득구연 C-05대 Xac 구유교저민감도이표현항성。
[Objective]A new inoculation method was used to discuss the difference of the influence of ‘Bingtang’ sweet orange and C-05 on the growth characteristics of Xanthomonas axonopodis pv. citri (Xac) by comparing different influences of leaves on Xac.[Method]The fully expanded leaves with light green of ‘Bingtang’ sweet orange and citron C-05 were sterilized by 75% ethyl alcohol and 1% NaClO, cut and cultured with Xac in the same petri dish to determine the influence of ‘Bingtang’ sweet orange or citron C-05 on the growth of Xac in MT medium or the NYGA medium replaced the middle place of the MT medium (MA). And the leaves’ solution of ‘Bingtang’ sweet orange or citron C-05 were extracted and added with 25%, 50%, and 75% to MT medium to determine the influence on the growth of Xac; also these were added with different ratios to NYGB medium to determine the content of extracellular polysaccharide (EPS) of Xac, respectively. [Result]The leaves of ‘Bingtang’ sweet orange promoted the growth of Xac on MT medium. The proliferation of the strain could be viewed after 1 week, the average diameter of Xac was 0.5 mm larger than CK. After 2 weeks, the average diameter of Xac was 5.27 mm, which was the 3 times of that of CK. From 2 to 3 weeks was the rapid growth stage of Xac, the average diameter of Xac was from 5.27 mm to 13.41 mm, which was more than 5 times of that of CK. After 3 weeks, the Xac cultured with the leaves of ‘Bingtang’ sweet orange in MT medium grew smoothly and steadily. Compared with that of CK, the diameter of Xac cultured with the ‘Bingtang’ sweet orange was very significantly different. The Xac cultured with the leaves of ‘Bingtang’ sweet orange in MA medium was 4.58 mm after 1 day, and that of CK was 6.19 mm. After 3 days of inoculation, the average diameter of Xac cultured with ‘Bingtang’ sweet orange was the same as CK, and there were no significant differences with each other. After 5 days, the Xac cultured with the leaves of ‘Bingtang’ sweet orange grew rapidly and the average diameter was 21.31 mm, which was very significantly different with CK. Also, the leaves’ extracted solution of‘Bingtang’ sweet orange was able to increase the growth speed and the content of EPS of Xac. Compared with CK, they all reached very significant level. The leaves of citron C-05 could control the growth of Xac in MT medium. After 1 week, there were no significant differences with CK. After 2 weeks, the average diameter of Xac cultured with the leaves of citron C-05 was the half of that in MT medium. After 3 weeks, the average diameter of Xac in MT medium containing the leaves of citron C-05 was 2.06 mm, which was smaller than CK (2.62 mm), and the diameter of Xac cultured for 2 and 3 weeks all reached very significant differences when they compared with CK, respectively. The Xac cultured in MA medium containing the leaves of citron C-05 were growing slowly and the average diameter of Xac was all lower than CK in different point times and they all reached very significant level comparing with CK, respectively. There were no significant differences in the influence of the leaves’ extracted solution of citron C-05 on the growth and the content of EPS of Xac compared with CK, respectively. [Conclusion]Some substance in the leaves of ‘Bingtang’ sweet orange could promote the growth and the content of EPS of Xac. The substance in the leaves of citron C-05, which was able to control the growth of Xac, might be induced by defensive reaction, when the leaves of citron C-05 and Xac were contracted with signals. ‘Bingtang’ sweet orange might be break this kind of reaction by some substance promoted the growth of Xac.
