CAJ | 학술논문

本文综述并探讨了自上而下因素的调节对启动过程的影响作用。自上而下因素的调节作用是指根据外界不断更新的对行为的要求，大脑皮层的活动被设定于某种特殊的工作模式中。启动过程是指先前出现的启动刺激对随后目标刺激加工的易化和抑制，是自动加工过程的体现。近年来，部分研究认为启动范式引发的自动加工过程(包括知觉加工、语义加工和反应过程)可受到与注意、任务相关的自上而下因素的调节，例如，任务指导语的作用、对注意范围的设定等等。本文对此领域的研究及年龄因素进行了总结、分析和展望。启动效应可受到自上而下的注意、目的、任务要求等因素的调节，且存在年龄因素的影响。
본문종술병탐토료자상이하인소적조절대계동과정적영향작용。자상이하인소적조절작용시지근거외계불단경신적대행위적요구，대뇌피층적활동피설정우모충특수적공작모식중。계동과정시지선전출현적계동자격대수후목표자격가공적역화화억제，시자동가공과정적체현。근년래，부분연구인위계동범식인발적자동가공과정(포괄지각가공、어의가공화반응과정)가수도여주의、임무상관적자상이하인소적조절，례여，임무지도어적작용、대주의범위적설정등등。본문대차영역적연구급년령인소진행료총결、분석화전망。계동효응가수도자상이하적주의、목적、임무요구등인소적조절，차존재년령인소적영향。
The article mainly discussed the top-down modulation on automatic process. Top-down modulation is setting the requirements of behaviors into a specific working pattern according to brain cortices. Priming is the facilitation or inhibition effect of primes on targets, which indicates automatic process. Nowadays, studies showed that automatic perception process, automatic semantic activation and automatic response induced by masked priming paradigm can be affected by top-down modulation factors, just as attention, task instructions, other task-related information and so on. So, the review focused on this field of researches and perspectives. Based on certain researches, automatic process elicited by masked priming can be modulated by attention, intention, task factors and so on. Thus, it is not totally automatic. And aging effect does exist in automatic process paradigms.