中国农业科学
中國農業科學
중국농업과학
SCIENTIA AGRICULTURA SINICA
2015年
9期
1785-1794
,共10页
张桂伟%张秋云%江东%席万鹏%周志钦
張桂偉%張鞦雲%江東%席萬鵬%週誌欽
장계위%장추운%강동%석만붕%주지흠
葡萄柚%酚类物质%类黄酮%酚酸%抗氧化能力
葡萄柚%酚類物質%類黃酮%酚痠%抗氧化能力
포도유%분류물질%류황동%분산%항양화능력
grapefruit%phenolics%flavonoid%phenolic acid%antioxidant capacity
【目的】对不同品种葡萄柚（Citrus paradis Macfad.）的酚类物质组成及其抗氧化能力进行比较研究，为柑橘育种及葡萄柚资源的利用提供科学依据。【方法】以中国主栽的9个葡萄柚品种为材料，使用高效液相色谱（high performance liquid chromatography, HPLC）法检测分析各品种果肉酚类物质的组成、含量与分布情况，用自由基清除（2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl radicals, DPPH）、铁离子还原（ferricreducing antioxidant power, FRAP）和自由基抗氧化（2,2'-azino-bis(3-ethylbenzthiozoline-6)-sulphonic acid, ABTS）3种方法对各品种果肉提取物的总抗氧化活性进行评价，并使用相关系数法分析抗氧化能力与多酚含量的相关性。【结果】结果表明，供试葡萄柚总酚含量变异范围为6.93—21.18 mg·g-1 DW，‘四倍体马叙’葡萄柚的总酚含量最高；总黄酮含量变异范围为5.56—23.24 mg·g-1 DW，‘四倍体马叙’的总黄酮含量最高。葡萄柚中的黄烷酮以柚皮苷和新橙皮苷为主，柚皮苷含量变异范围为1180.58—3065.33μg·g-1 DW，‘火焰’葡萄柚的柚皮苷含量最高，新橙皮苷含量变异范围为94.05—637.24μg·g-1 DW，‘鸡尾’葡萄柚的新橙皮苷含量最高。多甲氧基黄酮以橘皮素为主，其变异范围在0.56—4.66μg·g-1 DW之间，‘奥罗勃朗卡’的橘皮素含量最高。酚酸以没食子酸为主，其变异范围为60.42—385.53μg·g-1 DW，‘四倍体马叙’没食子酸含量最高。‘鸡尾’含有丰富的圣草次苷（111.23μg·g-1 DW），‘马叙’含有丰富的橙皮苷（130.90μg·g-1 DW），‘火焰’‘瑞红’‘四倍体马叙’和‘红马叙’含有丰富的没食子酸（＞300μg·g-1 DW），‘鸡尾’含有丰富的绿原酸、咖啡酸和阿魏酸。供试葡萄柚的综合抗氧化指数（an overall antioxidant potency composite index, APCI）变异范围大，在36.70—97.50之间，除‘奥罗勃朗卡’和‘鸡尾’外，其他葡萄柚的APCI都比较高（＞80）。柚皮苷、新橙皮苷、橙皮素、川陈皮素、橘皮素和绿原酸与果实抗氧化能力呈显著的正相关关系。【结论】中国主栽的9个葡萄柚品种多酚含量丰富，变异范围大，具有明显的组成和含量特点。柚皮苷、橘皮素和没食子酸是中国主栽葡萄柚的主要多酚类物质，各品种间多酚类物质的含量差异较大，抗氧化能力也有明显差异。‘火焰’‘瑞红’‘四倍体马叙’和‘红马叙’是没食子酸的良好来源，而‘鸡尾’是绿原酸、咖啡酸和阿魏酸的良好来源。总体上，在这些供试葡萄柚品种中，‘粉红汤姆逊’‘马叙’‘火焰’‘瑞红’‘四倍体马叙’和‘红马叙’不仅多酚含量极其丰富，而且抗氧化能力也高，是具有良好开发前景的天然抗氧化剂和保健食品及生物药品基料。
【目的】對不同品種葡萄柚（Citrus paradis Macfad.）的酚類物質組成及其抗氧化能力進行比較研究，為柑橘育種及葡萄柚資源的利用提供科學依據。【方法】以中國主栽的9箇葡萄柚品種為材料，使用高效液相色譜（high performance liquid chromatography, HPLC）法檢測分析各品種果肉酚類物質的組成、含量與分佈情況，用自由基清除（2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl radicals, DPPH）、鐵離子還原（ferricreducing antioxidant power, FRAP）和自由基抗氧化（2,2'-azino-bis(3-ethylbenzthiozoline-6)-sulphonic acid, ABTS）3種方法對各品種果肉提取物的總抗氧化活性進行評價，併使用相關繫數法分析抗氧化能力與多酚含量的相關性。【結果】結果錶明，供試葡萄柚總酚含量變異範圍為6.93—21.18 mg·g-1 DW，‘四倍體馬敘’葡萄柚的總酚含量最高；總黃酮含量變異範圍為5.56—23.24 mg·g-1 DW，‘四倍體馬敘’的總黃酮含量最高。葡萄柚中的黃烷酮以柚皮苷和新橙皮苷為主，柚皮苷含量變異範圍為1180.58—3065.33μg·g-1 DW，‘火燄’葡萄柚的柚皮苷含量最高，新橙皮苷含量變異範圍為94.05—637.24μg·g-1 DW，‘鷄尾’葡萄柚的新橙皮苷含量最高。多甲氧基黃酮以橘皮素為主，其變異範圍在0.56—4.66μg·g-1 DW之間，‘奧囉勃朗卡’的橘皮素含量最高。酚痠以沒食子痠為主，其變異範圍為60.42—385.53μg·g-1 DW，‘四倍體馬敘’沒食子痠含量最高。‘鷄尾’含有豐富的聖草次苷（111.23μg·g-1 DW），‘馬敘’含有豐富的橙皮苷（130.90μg·g-1 DW），‘火燄’‘瑞紅’‘四倍體馬敘’和‘紅馬敘’含有豐富的沒食子痠（＞300μg·g-1 DW），‘鷄尾’含有豐富的綠原痠、咖啡痠和阿魏痠。供試葡萄柚的綜閤抗氧化指數（an overall antioxidant potency composite index, APCI）變異範圍大，在36.70—97.50之間，除‘奧囉勃朗卡’和‘鷄尾’外，其他葡萄柚的APCI都比較高（＞80）。柚皮苷、新橙皮苷、橙皮素、川陳皮素、橘皮素和綠原痠與果實抗氧化能力呈顯著的正相關關繫。【結論】中國主栽的9箇葡萄柚品種多酚含量豐富，變異範圍大，具有明顯的組成和含量特點。柚皮苷、橘皮素和沒食子痠是中國主栽葡萄柚的主要多酚類物質，各品種間多酚類物質的含量差異較大，抗氧化能力也有明顯差異。‘火燄’‘瑞紅’‘四倍體馬敘’和‘紅馬敘’是沒食子痠的良好來源，而‘鷄尾’是綠原痠、咖啡痠和阿魏痠的良好來源。總體上，在這些供試葡萄柚品種中，‘粉紅湯姆遜’‘馬敘’‘火燄’‘瑞紅’‘四倍體馬敘’和‘紅馬敘’不僅多酚含量極其豐富，而且抗氧化能力也高，是具有良好開髮前景的天然抗氧化劑和保健食品及生物藥品基料。
【목적】대불동품충포도유（Citrus paradis Macfad.）적분류물질조성급기항양화능력진행비교연구，위감귤육충급포도유자원적이용제공과학의거。【방법】이중국주재적9개포도유품충위재료，사용고효액상색보（high performance liquid chromatography, HPLC）법검측분석각품충과육분류물질적조성、함량여분포정황，용자유기청제（2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl radicals, DPPH）、철리자환원（ferricreducing antioxidant power, FRAP）화자유기항양화（2,2'-azino-bis(3-ethylbenzthiozoline-6)-sulphonic acid, ABTS）3충방법대각품충과육제취물적총항양화활성진행평개，병사용상관계수법분석항양화능력여다분함량적상관성。【결과】결과표명，공시포도유총분함량변이범위위6.93—21.18 mg·g-1 DW，‘사배체마서’포도유적총분함량최고；총황동함량변이범위위5.56—23.24 mg·g-1 DW，‘사배체마서’적총황동함량최고。포도유중적황완동이유피감화신등피감위주，유피감함량변이범위위1180.58—3065.33μg·g-1 DW，‘화염’포도유적유피감함량최고，신등피감함량변이범위위94.05—637.24μg·g-1 DW，‘계미’포도유적신등피감함량최고。다갑양기황동이귤피소위주，기변이범위재0.56—4.66μg·g-1 DW지간，‘오라발랑잡’적귤피소함량최고。분산이몰식자산위주，기변이범위위60.42—385.53μg·g-1 DW，‘사배체마서’몰식자산함량최고。‘계미’함유봉부적골초차감（111.23μg·g-1 DW），‘마서’함유봉부적등피감（130.90μg·g-1 DW），‘화염’‘서홍’‘사배체마서’화‘홍마서’함유봉부적몰식자산（＞300μg·g-1 DW），‘계미’함유봉부적록원산、가배산화아위산。공시포도유적종합항양화지수（an overall antioxidant potency composite index, APCI）변이범위대，재36.70—97.50지간，제‘오라발랑잡’화‘계미’외，기타포도유적APCI도비교고（＞80）。유피감、신등피감、등피소、천진피소、귤피소화록원산여과실항양화능력정현저적정상관관계。【결론】중국주재적9개포도유품충다분함량봉부，변이범위대，구유명현적조성화함량특점。유피감、귤피소화몰식자산시중국주재포도유적주요다분류물질，각품충간다분류물질적함량차이교대，항양화능력야유명현차이。‘화염’‘서홍’‘사배체마서’화‘홍마서’시몰식자산적량호래원，이‘계미’시록원산、가배산화아위산적량호래원。총체상，재저사공시포도유품충중，‘분홍탕모손’‘마서’‘화염’‘서홍’‘사배체마서’화‘홍마서’불부다분함량겁기봉부，이차항양화능력야고，시구유량호개발전경적천연항양화제화보건식품급생물약품기료。
Objective] The polyphenols in grapefruit (Citrus paradis Macfad.) of different varieties were identified and characterized. The antioxidant activities of polyphenol extracts from different samples of each variety were compared. The aim of the study is to obtain the scientific data for improvement of Citrus breeding, grapefruit resources development and utilization.[Method]The composition and content of phenolic compounds in pulps of nine major grapefruit varieties cultivated in China were determined by High Performance Liquid Chromatography (HPLC), and the antioxidant activities of these grapefruits were evaluated by using 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl radicals (DPPH), ferric reducing antioxidant power (FRAP), and 2,2′-azino-bis (3-ethylbenzthiozoline- 6)-sulphonic acid (ABTS) methods. The correlation between antioxidant capacity and phenolic content was measured with Pearson correlation coefficient.[Result] Results showed that naringin and neohesperedin were the predominant flavanones in grapefruit, the naringin contents varied from 1 180.58μg·g-1 to 3 065.33μg·g-1, Huoyan had the highest content of naringin, while neohesperedin contents varied from 94.05μg·g-1 DW to 637.24μg·g-1 DW, Jiwei had the highest content of neohesperedin. Tangeretin was the major polymethoxylatedflavone, varying from 0.56μg·g-1 DW to 4.66μg·g-1 DW, which reached the highest content in Aoluobolangka, and gallic acid was the major phenolics acid, varying from 60.42μg·g-1 DW to 385.53μg·g-1 DW, which reached the highest content in Sibeitimaxu. Jiwei was rich in eriocitrin (111.23μg·g-1 DW), while Maxu rich in hesperidin (130.90μg·g-1 DW). Huoyan, Ruihong, Sibeitimaxu, and Hongmaxu had abundant gallic acid (>300μg·g-1 DW), whereas Jiwei contained rich chlorogenic acid, caffeic acid and ferulic acid. The overall antioxidant potency composite index (APCI) revealed wide variations in the grapefruits investigated (36.70-97.50). Except for Aoluobolangka and Jiwei, the other seven grapefruit cultivars presented high APCI (>80). Naringin, neohesperedin, hesperetin, nobiletin, tangeretin and chlorogenic acid showed a significant positive correlation with antioxidant abilities.[Conclusion] The pulps of nine major grapefruit varieties cultivated in China were rich in polyphenols. Different varieties showed obvious variations and characterized by their composition and content of phenolic compounds. Naringin, tangeretin and gallic acid were the predominant phenolic compounds of nine grapefruit varieties studied. Significant variations in polyphenols contents and antioxidant abilities were found between the tested varieties. Huoyan, Ruihong, Sibeitimaxu and Hongmaxu are good natural source of gallic acid, while Jiwei is the natural source of chlorogenic acid, caffeic acid and ferulic acid. Among the nine grapefruit varieties investigated in the study, Fenhongtangmuxun, Maxu, Huoyan, Ruihong, Sibeitimaxu and Hongmaxu not only contained rich phenolic compounds, but also presented high antioxidant activities. It was concluded that these cultivars may be used as a good natural antioxidant as well as an important basic material of functional foods and biomedicinals.
