CAJ | 학술논문

重金属是水环境中的典型污染物，存在着潜在的生态风险。利用水生植物去除重金属的处理方法具有高效、环保、经济等特点，成为当前研究的热点领域。阐述了植物对重金属的去除机制主要有植物吸收、根际微生物活动、植物根系微环境作用及植物富集，综述了植物在重金属胁迫下发生的生理响应，包括植物生长、细胞结构、酶活性等方面的生理变化。并讨论分析了 pH、温度、底泥性质等对水生植物去除重金属过程的影响。同时，提出了植物去除重金属及响应机理方面还需深入研究的几个问题。
중금속시수배경중적전형오염물，존재착잠재적생태풍험。이용수생식물거제중금속적처리방법구유고효、배보、경제등특점，성위당전연구적열점영역。천술료식물대중금속적거제궤제주요유식물흡수、근제미생물활동、식물근계미배경작용급식물부집，종술료식물재중금속협박하발생적생리향응，포괄식물생장、세포결구、매활성등방면적생리변화。병토론분석료 pH、온도、저니성질등대수생식물거제중금속과정적영향。동시，제출료식물거제중금속급향응궤리방면환수심입연구적궤개문제。
Heavy metal is a typical pollutant in aquatic ecosystem.The ions of heavy metals enter food chain resul-ting in healthy risks.Phytoremediation is emerging as the most potential technique of removing heavy metals due to its low expense and high efficiency.Toxic metals can inhibit plants growth,destroy the cell structure of plants ,re-duce enzyme activity and affect respiration and photosynthesis of plants.But the aquatic plants also suffer from heavy metal pollution to some degrees.The mechanism of removing heavy metals by aquatic plants is simply sum-marized from four aspects in this paper:phyto uptake,bioaccumulation and activities of rhizosphere microorganisms and removal by root system.Furthermore,factors affecting the removal efficiency are analysed,including pH,tem-perature,and soil characteristics.The study provides an overall theoretical basis for alleviating metal pollutions by using aquatic plants.Meanwhile,the prospects and several problems of the removal mechanism and the response of plants are presented.