CAJ | 학술논문

煤矿开采产生的酸性矿山废水（ AMD ）已导致周边土壤受到了严重的污染。以贵州典型的喀斯特地区旱地土壤为研究对象，通过添加不同污染浓度的AMD，模拟AMD持续污染下，岩溶区旱地土壤pH、Eh、EC、Fe、Mn、Cu、Zn、SO2-4以及脲酶、微生物量的变化情况，进而评价AMD持续污染对岩溶区旱地土壤的影响。结果表明：随着AMD污染程度的持续增加，土壤Mn、Zn及脲酶活性在较低污染程度下急剧升高，在较高污染程度下则又显著降低，其中土壤Zn、脲酶活性随AMD浓度增加达到极显著水平（ p﹤0.01）；土壤pH有明显下降趋势（ p﹤0.01），总体维持在6.5以上的较高水平；土壤Eh、EC、Fe、Cu、SO2-4随AMD污染程度的增加呈显著、极显著的增大趋势（ p均﹤0.05）；土壤微生物量则随AMD污染程度的增加呈显著的降低趋势（ p﹤0.05）。综上表明，AMD的持续污染将对岩溶区煤矿周边的旱地土壤造成严重的影响。
매광개채산생적산성광산폐수（ AMD ）이도치주변토양수도료엄중적오염。이귀주전형적객사특지구한지토양위연구대상，통과첨가불동오염농도적AMD，모의AMD지속오염하，암용구한지토양pH、Eh、EC、Fe、Mn、Cu、Zn、SO2-4이급뇨매、미생물량적변화정황，진이평개AMD지속오염대암용구한지토양적영향。결과표명：수착AMD오염정도적지속증가，토양Mn、Zn급뇨매활성재교저오염정도하급극승고，재교고오염정도하칙우현저강저，기중토양Zn、뇨매활성수AMD농도증가체도겁현저수평（ p﹤0.01）；토양pH유명현하강추세（ p﹤0.01），총체유지재6.5이상적교고수평；토양Eh、EC、Fe、Cu、SO2-4수AMD오염정도적증가정현저、겁현저적증대추세（ p균﹤0.05）；토양미생물량칙수AMD오염정도적증가정현저적강저추세（ p﹤0.05）。종상표명，AMD적지속오염장대암용구매광주변적한지토양조성엄중적영향。
acid mine drainage( AMD)of coal mining has led to the serious pollution in surrounding soil. In this study,we took typical upland soils in Guizhou karst areas as the object,added AMD of different pollutant content to it,to investigate under the continuous AMD pollution how the typical in-dex of karst dry land soil changed. The index included pH,Eh,EC,Fe,Mn,Cu,Zn,SO2-4 ,as well as physiological and biochemical index( urease and microbial biomass). Results showed that:with small volume of AMD added,concentrations of Mn and Zn in the soil,and urease activity would increase dramatically;while with large amount AMD added,the 3 index would decrease significant-ly,and the Zn concentration and urease activity were highly related with the AMD amount( p ﹤0. 01). With the continuous adding of AMD,the soil pH dropped significantly(p﹤0. 01)and main-tained at a high value above 6. 5,while soil Eh,EC,Fe,Cu,and SO2-4 increased significantly( pAve﹤0. 05),and the microbial biomass decreased( p﹤0. 05). Based on the results,we could con-clude that the continuous pollution of AMD would cause profound impact on upland soil surrounding mines of karst area.