CAJ | 학술논문

目的：探讨北京某社区≥40岁汉族和少数民族人群卒中相关危险因素与颈动脉闭塞性病变的相关性及颈动脉超声筛查的临床价值。方法2014年4月对北京中央民族大学所辖社区510例≥40岁的汉族人群和243例少数民族(10个)人群进行卒中危险因素调查与颈动脉超声筛查结果进行分析。结果(1)汉族人群高血压患病率显著高于少数民族人群[53．5%(273例)比44．4%(108例)；χ2=5．43,P=0．02]。(2)汉族人群颈动脉内-中膜增厚的检出率高于少数民族人群[77．5%(395例)比69．1%(168例)；χ2=6．03,P=0．01],两组人群颈动脉斑块及颈动脉狭窄的检出率差异无统计学意义(χ2值分别为0．56、1．13,均P>0．05)。(3)高血压和吸烟是汉族人群颈动脉内-中膜增厚的独立危险因素(高血压：OR=1．851,95%CI：1．213~2．825；吸烟：OR=2．311,95%CI：1．065~5．016；均P<0．05),高脂血症是少数民族人群颈动脉内-中膜增厚的独立危险因素(OR=2．586,95%CI：0．952~8．694,P<0．01)。结论调查我国少数民族人群卒中相关危险因素对其颈动脉硬化性疾病的预防尤为重要,尤其需控制血脂水平,颈部血管超声检查可作为早期发现颈动脉粥样硬化性疾病的重要诊断技术。
목적：탐토북경모사구≥40세한족화소수민족인군졸중상관위험인소여경동맥폐새성병변적상관성급경동맥초성사사적림상개치。방법2014년4월대북경중앙민족대학소할사구510례≥40세적한족인군화243례소수민족(10개)인군진행졸중위험인소조사여경동맥초성사사결과진행분석。결과(1)한족인군고혈압환병솔현저고우소수민족인군[53．5%(273례)비44．4%(108례)；χ2=5．43,P=0．02]。(2)한족인군경동맥내-중막증후적검출솔고우소수민족인군[77．5%(395례)비69．1%(168례)；χ2=6．03,P=0．01],량조인군경동맥반괴급경동맥협착적검출솔차이무통계학의의(χ2치분별위0．56、1．13,균P>0．05)。(3)고혈압화흡연시한족인군경동맥내-중막증후적독립위험인소(고혈압：OR=1．851,95%CI：1．213~2．825；흡연：OR=2．311,95%CI：1．065~5．016；균P<0．05),고지혈증시소수민족인군경동맥내-중막증후적독립위험인소(OR=2．586,95%CI：0．952~8．694,P<0．01)。결론조사아국소수민족인군졸중상관위험인소대기경동맥경화성질병적예방우위중요,우기수공제혈지수평,경부혈관초성검사가작위조기발현경동맥죽양경화성질병적중요진단기술。
Objective To investigate the correlation between the stroke-related risk factors and carotid stenosis lesions of ≥40 year′s old Han and minority populations in a community in Beijing as well as the clinical value of carotid ultrasound screening. Methods An investigation of risk factors for stroke and the results of carotid artery ultrasound screening in 510 cases (≥40 years old) Han population and 243 minority population in a community in Minzu University of China in Beijing in April 2014 were analyzed. Results (1)The prevalence of hypertension of the Han population was significantly higher than that of the minority population (53. 5% [n=273] vs. 44. 4% [n=108]; χ2 =5. 43,P=0. 02). (2) The detected rate of carotid intima-media thickness ( IMT ) of the Han population was higher than that of the minority population (77. 5% [n=395] vs. 69. 1% [n=168]; χ2 =6. 03,P=0. 01). There was no significantly difference in the detected rates of carotid plaques and carotid artery stenosis between the two groups (χ2 =0. 56,1. 13 respectively,all P>0. 05). (3) Hypertension and smoking were the independent risk factors for carotid-intima thickening in Han population ( hypertension:OR,1. 851;95% CI 1. 213-2. 825; smoking:OR,2. 311;95% CI 1. 065-5. 016;all P<0. 05). Hyperlipidemia was an independent risk factor for carotid artery intima-media thickening in the minority population (OR,2. 586;95% CI 0. 952-8. 694,P<0. 01). Conclusion To investigate the risk factors for stroke in minority population in China are of particular importance for the prevention of carotid atherosclerotic disease. Carotid ultrasound examination is an important diagnostic technique for early detection of carotid atherosclerotic disease.