CAJ | 학술논문

目的：了解乌鲁木齐市汉族孕妇膳食营养摄入及各种营养素达标情况，以便改善和提高孕妇的营养状况。方法随机选择自治区妇幼保健院营养门诊就诊的213名汉族孕妇作为调查对象，采用问卷方式24小时膳食回顾法对每个调查对象进行膳食调查，建立数据库，与《中国居民膳食营养素参考摄入量（ DRIs）》进行比较分析。结果孕妇膳食结构不合理，虽然孕期蔬菜与水果类摄入量已达到中国营养学会推荐摄入量，但其他种类食物却低于推荐摄入量。孕早期能量摄入2086．70kcal，孕中期3200．40kcal，孕晚期3650．70kcal，分别占RNI的90．70％、128．00％和130．40％；孕早期蛋白质摄入61．60kcal，孕中期71．70kcal，孕晚期71．30kcal，分别占RNI的82．10％、89．60％和83．90％，而且植物性蛋白质摄入过多，动物性蛋白摄入量低于全国30％的平均水平；孕妇膳食中钙、铁主要来源是植物性食物，分别占65％和90％，但在植物性食物中钙、铁的吸收率很低；维生素C、维生素B 6以及叶酸摄入不足，其中叶酸摄入量严重缺乏，孕早期叶酸摄入68．50μg，孕中期84．90μg，孕晚期93．20μg，分别占RNI的11．40％、14．20％和15．50％。结论孕妇各期膳食结构不合理；孕早期热能及营养素不能满足机体需要，孕中、晚期膳食较为合理，但维生素B6、维生素C、叶酸的摄入水平严重不足；动物性蛋白、钙、铁摄入不足。
목적：료해오로목제시한족잉부선식영양섭입급각충영양소체표정황，이편개선화제고잉부적영양상황。방법수궤선택자치구부유보건원영양문진취진적213명한족잉부작위조사대상，채용문권방식24소시선식회고법대매개조사대상진행선식조사，건립수거고，여《중국거민선식영양소삼고섭입량（ DRIs）》진행비교분석。결과잉부선식결구불합리，수연잉기소채여수과류섭입량이체도중국영양학회추천섭입량，단기타충류식물각저우추천섭입량。잉조기능량섭입2086．70kcal，잉중기3200．40kcal，잉만기3650．70kcal，분별점RNI적90．70％、128．00％화130．40％；잉조기단백질섭입61．60kcal，잉중기71．70kcal，잉만기71．30kcal，분별점RNI적82．10％、89．60％화83．90％，이차식물성단백질섭입과다，동물성단백섭입량저우전국30％적평균수평；잉부선식중개、철주요래원시식물성식물，분별점65％화90％，단재식물성식물중개、철적흡수솔흔저；유생소C、유생소B 6이급협산섭입불족，기중협산섭입량엄중결핍，잉조기협산섭입68．50μg，잉중기84．90μg，잉만기93．20μg，분별점RNI적11．40％、14．20％화15．50％。결론잉부각기선식결구불합리；잉조기열능급영양소불능만족궤체수요，잉중、만기선식교위합리，단유생소B6、유생소C、협산적섭입수평엄중불족；동물성단백、개、철섭입불족。
Objective To understand the dietary nutrition and nutrients of Han nationality pregnant women in Urumqi, so as to improve and enhance the nutritional status of them.Methods Totally 213 Han nationality pregnant women were randomly chosen in Maternal and Child Health Care Center of Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region for the survey, and questionnaires were used to investigate 24 hour dietary.The data obtained were compared with DRIs for Chinese population.Results Dietary structure of pregnant women was unreasonable.Although the intake of vegetable and fruit reached the RNIs issued by Chinese Nutrition Society, the intake of other kinds was insufficient.At first trimester,second trimester and third trimester, energy intake was 2 086.70kcal, 3 200.40kcal and 3 650.70kcal, respectively, accounting for 90.70%,128.00% and 130.40% of RNI, respectively.The protein intake of them was 61.60kcal, 71.70kcal and 71.30kcal, respectively,accounting for 82.10%, 89.60%and 83.90%of RNI.Vegetable protein intake was too much, but animal protein intake was below the national average of 30%.Most of calcium and iron in dietary were from vegetable foods, accounting for 65% and 90%, respectively, and the uptake rate of them was low.The intake of Vitamin C, Vitamin B6 and folic acid was insufficient, and the lack of folic acid was severe.The intake of folic acid was 68.50μg, 84.90μg and 93.20μg at three trimesters respectively, accounting for 11.40%, 14.20% and 15.50% of RNI, respectively.Conclusion The dietary structure of pregnant women at different periods is not reasonable,and heat energy and nutrients can ’ t meet the needs of their body.At second and third trimester, the dietary is rather reasonable, but intakes of Vitamin B6, Vitamin C and folic acid are insufficient.Animal protein, calcium and iron are not taken sufficiently.