CAJ | 학술논문

目的：研究注意缺陷多动障碍（ ADHD）儿童及其家长的心理健康水平，为对ADHD开展有效的干预及防治措施提供依据。方法采取自愿的原则，选取到苏州大学附属儿童医院儿童保健科就诊的6～10岁儿童，符合美国精神障碍诊断与统计手册第4版（ DSM－Ⅳ）有关ADHD的诊断标准为研究组，同时按照性别年龄进行1：1配对选取健康儿童为正常组。采用小学生心理健康评定量表（ MHRSP）、Achenbach儿童行为量表（家长用表）评价受试儿童的心理－行为状况；用焦虑自评量表（ SAS）、抑郁自评量表（ SDS）评定受试儿童家长的心理健康水平，并对结果进行分析。结果 ADHD组儿童心理健康水平显著低于正常组儿童，两组儿童的MHRSP总分及学习障碍、情绪障碍、性格缺陷、社会适应障碍、品德缺陷、不良习惯、行为障碍、特种障碍各分量表分值比较差异均有统计学意义（t值分别为18．56、11．24、14．08、5．25、8．50、5．01、5．38、13．83、6．70，均P＜0．001）。 ADHD组儿童行为问题明显比正常组儿童严重。两组儿童的活动情况、社交情况、学校情况、社会能力总分、退缩、躯体主诉、焦虑抑郁、社交问题、思维问题、注意问题、违纪行为、攻击性行为、内化性问题、外化性问题和行为问题总分比较差异均有统计学差异（t值分别为8．38、7．71、8．75、12．77、5．65、6．44、5．44、10．29、7．53、17．02、9．23、17．29、9．08、16．11和21．40，均P＜0．001）。 ADHD组儿童家长较正常组存在明显的焦虑和抑郁情绪（t值分别为13．55和11．19，均P＜0．001）。结论 ADHD儿童与其他心理行为异常疾病的共患率较高，并且其家长的心理健康水平也较差。
목적：연구주의결함다동장애（ ADHD）인동급기가장적심리건강수평，위대ADHD개전유효적간예급방치조시제공의거。방법채취자원적원칙，선취도소주대학부속인동의원인동보건과취진적6～10세인동，부합미국정신장애진단여통계수책제4판（ DSM－Ⅳ）유관ADHD적진단표준위연구조，동시안조성별년령진행1：1배대선취건강인동위정상조。채용소학생심리건강평정량표（ MHRSP）、Achenbach인동행위량표（가장용표）평개수시인동적심리－행위상황；용초필자평량표（ SAS）、억욱자평량표（ SDS）평정수시인동가장적심리건강수평，병대결과진행분석。결과 ADHD조인동심리건강수평현저저우정상조인동，량조인동적MHRSP총분급학습장애、정서장애、성격결함、사회괄응장애、품덕결함、불량습관、행위장애、특충장애각분량표분치비교차이균유통계학의의（t치분별위18．56、11．24、14．08、5．25、8．50、5．01、5．38、13．83、6．70，균P＜0．001）。 ADHD조인동행위문제명현비정상조인동엄중。량조인동적활동정황、사교정황、학교정황、사회능력총분、퇴축、구체주소、초필억욱、사교문제、사유문제、주의문제、위기행위、공격성행위、내화성문제、외화성문제화행위문제총분비교차이균유통계학차이（t치분별위8．38、7．71、8．75、12．77、5．65、6．44、5．44、10．29、7．53、17．02、9．23、17．29、9．08、16．11화21．40，균P＜0．001）。 ADHD조인동가장교정상조존재명현적초필화억욱정서（t치분별위13．55화11．19，균P＜0．001）。결론 ADHD인동여기타심리행위이상질병적공환솔교고，병차기가장적심리건강수평야교차。
Objective To examine the mental health status of children with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder ( ADHD) and their parents, so as to provide effective prevention and treatment for ADHD.Methods With principle of willingness, the study recruited children aged 6-10 years visiting Children’ s Hospital Affiliated to Suzhou University and diagnosed as ADHD with the diagnostic standard in DSM-IV in ADHD group.Control group was matched in ratio of 1:1 in gender and age.Mental Health Rating Scale for Pupils and Achenbach Child Behavior Checklist ( CBCL) were used to assess psychological-behavior level of children with ADHD, and Self-rating Anxiety Scale ( SAS) and Self-rating Depression Scale ( SDS ) were used to assess their parents ’ status.All the results were analyzed.Results The mental health level of ADHD group was significantly lower than that of control group.There were significant differences between two groups in total score of mental health rate scale for pupil ( MHRSP) and scores of subscale in learning disorder, emotional disorder, character disorder, social adaptation disorder, morality disfigurement, bad habit, behavioral disorder, and special disorder ( t value was 18.56, 11.24, 14.08, 5.25, 8.50, 5.01, 5.38, 13.83 and 6.70, respectively, all P<0.001).The behavioral problems of ADHD group were more serious than those of the control group.Scores of subscale of activities, social competence, school aspect, social ability score, withdrawing, somatic complaint, anxiety depression, social problems, thought problems, attention problems, antisocial behavior, aggressive behavior, internalizing problems, externalizing problems and behavior problems showed significant differences between two groups (t value was 8.38, 7.71, 8.75, 12.77, 5.65, 6.44, 5.44, 10.29, 7.53, 17.02, 9.23, 17.29, 9.08, 16.11 and 21.40, respectively, all P<0.001).The parents of ADHD group were more easily to suffer from anxiety and depression disorders (t value was 13.55 and 11.19, respectively, both P<0.001).Conclusion Children with ADHD have high comorbidity rate with other psychological-behavior disorders, and their parents have poor mental health status.