CAJ | 학술논문

为促进新型城镇化进程下区域生态环境质量提升和土地资源可持续利用，该文基于武汉城市圈2010年土地利用数据，计算不同地域空间的生态系统服务价值；运用空间计量方法，分析研究区人口城镇化、空间城镇化、经济城镇化、生活城镇化和生态系统服务价值的空间分异特征，进而运用双变量空间自相关分析探讨不同城镇化水平对生态系统服务价值空间分异的影响。结果显示：除经济城镇化外，人口城镇化、空间城镇化和生活城镇化均与生态服务价值存在空间负相关关系，其中人口城镇化与生态服务价值的空间负相关性较强，其次分别为空间城镇化和生活城镇化。具体的，空间城镇化和生活城镇化与原材料生产价值之间的负相关性最强，人口、空间和生活城镇化与大气调节和保持土壤之间也分别存在明显的负相关性。不同城镇化水平与生态服务价值的双变量LISA图也具有相似的空间特征，高-低聚集区多分布于武汉城市圈经济水平相对发达的中部地区，而低-高聚集区主要分布在南部幕阜山区和北部的大别山一带。该研究能够为区域新型城镇化建设和生态环境管护提供决策参考。
위촉진신형성진화진정하구역생태배경질량제승화토지자원가지속이용，해문기우무한성시권2010년토지이용수거，계산불동지역공간적생태계통복무개치；운용공간계량방법，분석연구구인구성진화、공간성진화、경제성진화、생활성진화화생태계통복무개치적공간분이특정，진이운용쌍변량공간자상관분석탐토불동성진화수평대생태계통복무개치공간분이적영향。결과현시：제경제성진화외，인구성진화、공간성진화화생활성진화균여생태복무개치존재공간부상관관계，기중인구성진화여생태복무개치적공간부상관성교강，기차분별위공간성진화화생활성진화。구체적，공간성진화화생활성진화여원재료생산개치지간적부상관성최강，인구、공간화생활성진화여대기조절화보지토양지간야분별존재명현적부상관성。불동성진화수평여생태복무개치적쌍변량LISA도야구유상사적공간특정，고-저취집구다분포우무한성시권경제수평상대발체적중부지구，이저-고취집구주요분포재남부막부산구화북부적대별산일대。해연구능구위구역신형성진화건설화생태배경관호제공결책삼고。
As one of the largest developing countries in the world, China has entered an accelerating period of urbanization with significant growth of economy and population. However, the ecological and environmental issues have directly threatened the sustainability of social and economic development in the country. In order to promote ecosystem quality in the high-speed urbanization process as well as provide scientific and feasible basis for differentiated and sustainable land use, this paper tried to explore the spatial correlation between urbanization and ecosystem service value (ESV). In the research, a metropolitan region in Central China called Wuhan Urban Agglomeration was selected as the study area. Located in the middle reaches of the Yangtze River, it is one of the most important regions with abundant agricultural and industrial products. According to the 4 aspects of urbanization concept involved population growth, economic development, urban space expanding and life quality improvement, 4 indicators, including proportion of urban permanent residents, proportion of built-up land, output proportion of non-agro industries and per capita disposable income of urban resident, were adopted to measure the levels of population urbanization, spatial urbanization, economic urbanization and living urbanization respectively. These data were collected from Hubei Statistical Yearbook in 2011. The land use data were derived from land use survey in 2010 and the outputs of crops in the study area were also calculated based on statistical data. The ESV of each land use type in Wuhan Urban Agglomeration was evaluated based on Costanza’s evaluation formula and “equivalent value of ecosystem services per unit area in China”. Both the spatial characteristics of urbanization and the ESV of all the 39 units were analyzed at the county level. Then the correlation between urbanization and ESV was calculated by utilizing bivariate spatial autocorrelation method. The results showed that the levels of urbanization and ESV in the study area both varied obviously in different areas. Urbanization was characterized by a structure with double centers and decreasing outward from centers, where the western area was basically higher than the eastern area. As to the ESV per hectare, the counties in the south hilly region were clustered to be the highest group. However, the lowest group was the counties clustered in the west and northwest region in Jianghan Plain, not the big cities such as Wuhan or Huangshi, probably because this area was located in a main crop production region with much lower forest coverage. According to the bivariate spatial autocorrelation analysis, population urbanization was discovered to have the strongest negative correlation with ESV, followed by spatial urbanization and then living urbanization. Specifically, spatial urbanization and living urbanization had the most significant negative correlations with raw materials value, and the negative impacts of population urbanization, spatial urbanization and living urbanization on gas regulation value and soil conservation value were also very obvious. What’s more, the bivariate LISA figures between different urbanization indicators with ESV had similar spatial characters. The high-low clusters were located in the central part of Wuhan Urban Agglomeration, whose economy was more developed. The low-high groups mainly gathered in the southern mountainous areas and in the northern Dabie Mountain areas. The research can provide important decision-making basis for regional new-type urbanization and ecological protection in future.