CAJ | 학술논문

针对大型船舶火灾中的烟气蔓延，分析了场模型 FDS 软件和区域模型 CFAST 软件各自的局限性。基于能量传输、组分转换和压力平衡原理，建立了船舶舱室火灾烟气蔓延的场-区耦合模型。搭建了带有4个测点的船舶舱室火灾缩尺试验平台，验证了耦合模型的有效性。对船舶舱室火灾的烟气蔓延进行了场模拟、区域模拟和场-区耦合模拟，并将温度和烟气层高度的模拟结果进行对比分析。分析结果表明：4个测点的温度均随着时间的增大而上升，在同一时刻距火源近的测点温度高，随着与火源间距离的变大，测点温度降低，4个测点的温度受烟气湍流的影响略有波动；在燃烧达到稳定状态之后，场-区耦合模型能较准确地模拟烟气层高度的变化规律，均优于场模型和区域模型的模拟结果；在计算时间上，场-区耦合模型比场模型缩减了约54％的计算时间；场-区耦合模型的模拟结果与试验结果具有良好的一致性，因此，其具有较好的工程应用价值。
침대대형선박화재중적연기만연，분석료장모형 FDS 연건화구역모형 CFAST 연건각자적국한성。기우능량전수、조분전환화압력평형원리，건립료선박창실화재연기만연적장-구우합모형。탑건료대유4개측점적선박창실화재축척시험평태，험증료우합모형적유효성。대선박창실화재적연기만연진행료장모의、구역모의화장-구우합모의，병장온도화연기층고도적모의결과진행대비분석。분석결과표명：4개측점적온도균수착시간적증대이상승，재동일시각거화원근적측점온도고，수착여화원간거리적변대，측점온도강저，4개측점적온도수연기단류적영향략유파동；재연소체도은정상태지후，장-구우합모형능교준학지모의연기층고도적변화규률，균우우장모형화구역모형적모의결과；재계산시간상，장-구우합모형비장모형축감료약54％적계산시간；장-구우합모형적모의결과여시험결과구유량호적일치성，인차，기구유교호적공정응용개치。
Aiming at the fire smoke propagation in large ship cabin,the limitations of field model FDS and zone model CFAST were analyzed.Based on the principles of energy transmission, component transformation and pressure balance, the field-zone coupling model of smoke propagation in ship cabin was developed, and the small scale experiment platform with 4 temperature measuring points of ship cabin fire was set up to verify the effectiveness of the established coupling model.The simulations of fire smoke propagation in ship cabin were carried out by field model,zone model and field-zone coupling model respectively,and the simulation results of temperature and smoke layer height were compared. Analysis result shows the temperatures of 4 measuring points increase with the increase of time,the measuring point near fire has higher temperature at the same time.With the increase of distance from fire,the temperature of measuring point falls, and the slight fluctuations of the temperatures at 4 measuring points appear due to smoke turbulent flow.When fire burning reaches steady state, the change regular of smoke layer height can be simulated by using the models,and the simulation result by using field-zone coupling model is better than the simulation results by using field model and zone model.The calculation time for field-zone coupling model is about 54% less than the calculation time for field model.The simulation result by using field-zone coupling model is consist with the test result,so the field-zone coupling model has better engineering value. 1 tab,25 figs,28 refs.