CAJ | 학술논문

为通过标准四轮驱动形式提高水田自走底盘的通过性，设计了一种转向驱动桥，因其壳体结构及受力非常复杂，为保证在设计过程中精确控制刚度和强度，利用CATIA有限元分析模块，在桥壳3D图形上建立了各组成壳段间具有联接关系和力传递特性的车轿装配体有限元分析模型，并根据底盘工况特点及力学分析的数据划分特征区域、施加约束及载荷边界条件，计算出车桥的变形和应力分别为0.218 mm、121 MPa，结合进一步的实物样机测试表明，该种结构铝制车桥的刚度与强度满足设计要求及相关行业标准。该文为以轻量化和高通过性为目标而采用的标准四驱形式的底盘进入性能验证阶段提供指导，也为类似具有复杂结构及复杂受力机构的设计提供参考。
위통과표준사륜구동형식제고수전자주저반적통과성，설계료일충전향구동교，인기각체결구급수력비상복잡，위보증재설계과정중정학공제강도화강도，이용CATIA유한원분석모괴，재교각3D도형상건립료각조성각단간구유련접관계화력전체특성적차교장배체유한원분석모형，병근거저반공황특점급역학분석적수거화분특정구역、시가약속급재하변계조건，계산출차교적변형화응력분별위0.218 mm、121 MPa，결합진일보적실물양궤측시표명，해충결구려제차교적강도여강도만족설계요구급상관행업표준。해문위이경양화화고통과성위목표이채용적표준사구형식적저반진입성능험증계단제공지도，야위유사구유복잡결구급복잡수력궤구적설계제공삼고。
In the main grain crop production in China, comprehensive mechanization level for paddy field is the lowest. At the same time, there exists the“bottleneck”problem of“bottleneck”problem such as rice planting mechanization. In the case of transplanter, although we have grasped the core technology of key components, overall machinery can not be popularized and applied due to lack of the support of cost-effective chassis. At present, in Chinese market, most of chassis are imported from Japan and South Korea, which widely use hydraulic transmission and variable speed technology. Because paddy planting operation has the characteristics of stable load and constant speed, using hydraulic transmission and continuous variable device causes low efficiency and has no much practical significance, and meanwhile, the demand for the power increases from 9 to 13 and even 15 kw. Northeast Agricultural University has designed a standard all-wheel drive light paddy self-propelled chassis with diesel-power and mechanical transmission for this situation, whose most prominent shape feature is that four wheels have same size and the front axle is different from any existing paddy field chassis structure. The chassis has the advantages of high transmission efficiency, large torque reserve, anti-sink capacity, dynamic stabilization, and good performance of crossing the earth bank between the paddy fields. As a transmission part, steering drive axle not only is a carrier installed, but also needs to bear the weight of chassis and the effect of impulsive load, and have the function of deflection wheel, and hence its structure is more complex than the traditional shell. The operating environment of paddy field chassis is harsher than general vehicle, which has stricter requirement of sludge, subsidence, bank and over load on axle. So, engineering analysis of structural design process is particularly important, however, conventional theoretical analysis and calculation method can not accurately control the stiffness and strength in the process of structural design. For this situation, the research utilized CATIA finite element analysis module to build the finite element analysis model with connection relationship and force transferring characteristics on the three-dimensional model of axle housing, and according to the working condition features of chassis and mechanics analysis, divided every section of the grids and imposed constraints and load boundary conditions; through the analysis of axle's limit load according to the ground adhesion, it was drawn that the drive force of front axle was 1 143.4 N, and the supporting load was 2 430 N, which met the actual requirement of vehicle application environment and ensured the scientificity and effectiveness of engineering analysis data. The deformation and stress of the axle were respectively 0.218 mm and 121 MPa through theoretical analysis and finite element calculation. The engineering structure of steering drive axle met the design requirements, and the deformation met the relevant standards after the test of experiment and trial installation. The research first makes the standard all-wheel drive paddy chassis, which takes the lightweight and high-passage as the goal, come into the stage of comprehensive performance verification, providing not only the basic technical support for core and special components, but also the reference of technical method for the similar mechanism design with complex structure and complex force.